Add solutions to section 01 - equalities
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32
01_equalities.clj
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32
01_equalities.clj
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; "We shall contemplate truth by testing reality, via equality"
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(= true true)
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; "To understand reality, we must compare our expectations against reality"
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(= 2 (+ 1 1))
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; "You can test equality of many things"
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(= 5 (+ 3 4) 7 (+ 2 __))
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; "Some things may appear different, but be the same"
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(= true (= 2 2/1))
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; "You cannot generally float to heavens of integers"
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(= false (= 2 2.0))
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; "But a looser equality is also possible"
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(= true (== 2.0 2))
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; "Something is not equal to nothing"
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(= true (not (= 1 nil)))
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; "Strings, and keywords, and symbols: oh my!"
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(= false (= "hello" :hello 'hello))
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; "Make a keyword with your keyboard"
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(= :hello (keyword "hello"))
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; "Symbolism is all around us"
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(= 'hello (symbol "hello"))
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; "When things cannot be equal, they must be different"
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(not= :fill-in-the-blank "anything here")
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159
README.md
159
README.md
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@ -1,159 +0,0 @@
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# Clojure Koans
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The Clojure Koans are a fun and easy way to get started with Clojure - no
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experience assumed or required. Just follow the instructions below to start
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making tests pass!
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### Getting Started
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The easiest and fastest way to get the koans up and running is to [download the
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latest zip file from Github](https://github.com/functional-koans/clojure-koans/releases).
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This way, you'll have all the dependencies you need, including Clojure itself
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and JLine, and you can skip the rest of this section (skip to "Running the
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Koans").
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If you're starting from a cloned or forked repo, that's cool too. This way
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you'll be able to track your progress in Git, and see how your answers compare
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to others, by checking out the project's Network tab. You might want to create
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your own branch - that way if you pull back the latest koans from master, it'll
|
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be a bit easier to manage the inevitable conflicts if we make changes to
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exercises you've already completed.
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The only things you'll need to run the Clojure Koans are:
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- JRE 1.6 or higher
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- [clojure-1.8.0.jar](http://repo1.maven.org/maven2/org/clojure/clojure/1.8.0/clojure-1.8.0.zip)
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You can use [Leiningen](http://github.com/technomancy/leiningen) to
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automatically install the Clojure jar in the right place. Leiningen will also
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get you a couple more jarfiles, including JLine, which allows you some of the
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functionality of readline (command-line history, for example).
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### Installing dependencies
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Dependencies are installed automatically with lein 2, but if for some reason
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you're on lein 1 and can't upgrade, you'll need to run
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`lein deps`
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which will download all dependencies you need to run the Clojure koans.
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I strongly recommend that you upgrade to lein 2 instead!
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### Running the Koans
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If you're running from the zipfile, simply run
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`script/run` on Mac/\*nix
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`script\run` on Windows
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If you're running from a checkout using lein 2, run the koans via
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`lein koan run`
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It's an auto-runner, so as you save your files with the correct answers, it will
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advance you to the next koan or file (conveniently, all files are prefixed with
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the sequence that you should follow).
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You'll see something like this:
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Now meditate on /home/colin/Projects/clojure-koans/src/koans/01_equalities.clj:3
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---------------------
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Assertion failed!
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We shall contemplate truth by testing reality, via equality.
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(= __ true)
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The output is telling you that you have a failing test in the file named
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`01_equalities.clj`, on line 3. So you just need to open that file up and make
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it pass! You'll always be filling in the blanks to make tests pass.
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Sometimes there could be several correct answers (or even an infinite number):
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any of them will work in these cases. Some tests will pass even if you replace
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the blanks with whitespace (or nothing) instead of the expected answer. Make sure
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you give one correct expression to replace each blank.
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The koans differ from normal TDD in that the tests are already written for you,
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so you'll have to pay close attention to the failure messages, because up until
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the very end, making a test pass just means that the next failure message comes
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up.
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While it might be easy (especially at first) to just fill in the blanks making
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things pass, you should work thoughtfully, making sure you understand why the
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answer is what it is. Enjoy your path to Clojure enlightenment!
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### Trying more things out
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There's a REPL (Read-Evaluate-Print Loop) included in the Clojure Koans. Just
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run:
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`script/repl` on Mac/\*nix
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`script\repl` on Windows
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If you're on lein 2, `lein repl` is what you want instead.
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Here are some interesting commands you might try, once you're in a running REPL:
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```clojure
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(find-doc "vec")
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(find-doc #"vec$")
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(doc vec)
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```
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And if those still don't make sense:
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```clojure
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(doc doc)
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(doc find-doc)
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```
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will show you what those commands mean.
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You can exit the REPL with `CTRL-d` on any OS.
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### Contributing
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Patches are encouraged! Make sure the answer sheet still passes
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(`lein koan test`), and send a pull request.
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The file ideaboard.txt has lots of good ideas for new koans to start, or things
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to add to existing koans. So write some fun exercises, add your answers to
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`resources/koans.clj`, and we'll get them in there!
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Please follow the guidelines in
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http://tbaggery.com/2008/04/19/a-note-about-git-commit-messages.html for
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commmit messages, and put your code in a feature branch (not master) before
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making the pull request. This makes patches easier to review.
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Feel free to contact me (Colin Jones / trptcolin) on Github or elsewhere if you
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have any questions or want more direction before you start pitching in.
|
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### Contributors
|
||||
|
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https://github.com/functional-koans/clojure-koans/contributors
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### Credits
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These exercises were started by [Aaron Bedra](http://github.com/abedra) of
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[Relevance, Inc.](http://github.com/relevance) in early 2010, as a learning
|
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tool for newcomers to functional programming. Aaron's macro-fu makes these
|
||||
koans extremely simple and fun to use, and to improve upon, and without
|
||||
Relevance's initiative, this project would not exist.
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Using the [koans](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/koan) metaphor as a tool for
|
||||
learning a programming language started with the
|
||||
[Ruby Koans](http://rubykoans.com) by [EdgeCase](http://github.com/edgecase).
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
### License
|
||||
|
||||
The use and distribution terms for this software are covered by the
|
||||
Eclipse Public License 1.0 (http://opensource.org/licenses/eclipse-1.0.php)
|
||||
which can be found in the file epl-v10.html at the root of this distribution.
|
||||
By using this software in any fashion, you are agreeing to be bound by
|
||||
the terms of this license.
|
||||
261
epl-v10.html
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epl-v10.html
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<p align=center><b>Eclipse Public License - v 1.0</b></p>
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example, if a third party patent license is required to allow Recipient
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to distribute the Program, it is Recipient's responsibility to acquire
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Contributions) may always be distributed subject to the version of the
|
||||
Agreement under which it was received. In addition, after a new version
|
||||
of the Agreement is published, Contributor may elect to distribute the
|
||||
Program (including its Contributions) under the new version. Except as
|
||||
expressly stated in Sections 2(a) and 2(b) above, Recipient receives no
|
||||
rights or licenses to the intellectual property of any Contributor under
|
||||
this Agreement, whether expressly, by implication, estoppel or
|
||||
otherwise. All rights in the Program not expressly granted under this
|
||||
Agreement are reserved.</p>
|
||||
|
||||
<p>This Agreement is governed by the laws of the State of New York and
|
||||
the intellectual property laws of the United States of America. No party
|
||||
to this Agreement will bring a legal action under this Agreement more
|
||||
than one year after the cause of action arose. Each party waives its
|
||||
rights to a jury trial in any resulting litigation.</p>
|
||||
|
||||
</body>
|
||||
|
||||
</html>
|
||||
|
|
@ -1,31 +0,0 @@
|
|||
Concepts / Language Features
|
||||
=====
|
||||
|
||||
Quoting
|
||||
|
||||
new record syntax
|
||||
Agents
|
||||
Vars
|
||||
state identity lifetime
|
||||
immutability / side effects
|
||||
type hints
|
||||
Pre and Post conditions of functions
|
||||
ex-info/ex-data
|
||||
reducers (?)
|
||||
transducers (?) - maybe just some basic ones, nothing too crazy
|
||||
|
||||
Particular Functions
|
||||
=====
|
||||
fnil - creating_a_function
|
||||
juxt - creating_a_function
|
||||
constantly - creating_a_function
|
||||
flatten
|
||||
|
||||
frequencies
|
||||
reductions
|
||||
keep
|
||||
keep-indexed
|
||||
map-indexed
|
||||
partition-all
|
||||
partition-by
|
||||
repeatedly
|
||||
10
project.clj
10
project.clj
|
|
@ -1,10 +0,0 @@
|
|||
(defproject clojure-koans "0.5.1-SNAPSHOT"
|
||||
:description "The Clojure koans."
|
||||
:dependencies [[org.clojure/clojure "1.8.0"]
|
||||
[koan-engine "0.2.3"]]
|
||||
:dev-dependencies [[lein-koan "0.1.3"]]
|
||||
:profiles {:dev {:dependencies [[lein-koan "0.1.3"]]}}
|
||||
:repl-options {:init-ns koan-engine.runner
|
||||
:init (do (use '[koan-engine.core]))}
|
||||
:plugins [[lein-koan "0.1.3"]]
|
||||
:main koan-engine.runner/exec)
|
||||
|
|
@ -1,256 +0,0 @@
|
|||
[["01_equalities" {"__" [true
|
||||
2
|
||||
5
|
||||
true
|
||||
false
|
||||
true
|
||||
true
|
||||
false
|
||||
"hello"
|
||||
"hello"
|
||||
3]}]
|
||||
|
||||
["02_strings" {"__" ["hello"
|
||||
"world"
|
||||
"Cool "
|
||||
"right?"
|
||||
0
|
||||
11
|
||||
false
|
||||
6 11
|
||||
"123"
|
||||
", "
|
||||
"1" "2" "3"
|
||||
"olleh"
|
||||
"hello"
|
||||
13
|
||||
nil
|
||||
"hello world"
|
||||
true
|
||||
false
|
||||
false
|
||||
"a"
|
||||
true
|
||||
true
|
||||
false]}]
|
||||
|
||||
["03_lists" {"__" [1 2 3 4 5
|
||||
1
|
||||
[2 3 4 5]
|
||||
3
|
||||
0
|
||||
()
|
||||
[:a :b :c :d :e]
|
||||
[:e :a :b :c :d]
|
||||
:a
|
||||
[:b :c :d :e]
|
||||
"No dice!"
|
||||
()]}]
|
||||
|
||||
["04_vectors" {"__" [1
|
||||
[1]
|
||||
[nil nil]
|
||||
2
|
||||
[111 222 333]
|
||||
:peanut
|
||||
:jelly
|
||||
:jelly
|
||||
[:butter :and]
|
||||
3]}]
|
||||
|
||||
["05_sets" {"__" [[3]
|
||||
3
|
||||
#{1 2 3 4 5}
|
||||
#{1 2 3 4 5}
|
||||
#{2 3}
|
||||
#{1 4}]}]
|
||||
|
||||
["06_maps" {"__" [:b 2
|
||||
1
|
||||
2
|
||||
2
|
||||
1
|
||||
1
|
||||
"Sochi"
|
||||
nil
|
||||
:key-not-found
|
||||
true
|
||||
false
|
||||
"February"
|
||||
1 "January"
|
||||
2010 2014 2018
|
||||
"PyeongChang" "Sochi" "Vancouver"]}]
|
||||
|
||||
["07_functions" {"__" [81
|
||||
20
|
||||
10
|
||||
60
|
||||
15
|
||||
30]
|
||||
"___" [+
|
||||
*
|
||||
(fn [f] (f 5))
|
||||
(fn [f] (f 5))]}]
|
||||
|
||||
["08_conditionals" {"__" [:a
|
||||
[]
|
||||
nil
|
||||
:glory
|
||||
4 6 :your-road
|
||||
1
|
||||
:bicycling
|
||||
"is that even exercise?"]}]
|
||||
|
||||
["09_higher_order_functions" {"__" [4 8 12
|
||||
(* x x)
|
||||
[false false true false false]
|
||||
()
|
||||
[:anything :goes :here]
|
||||
(< x 31)
|
||||
(* 10 x) (< x 4)
|
||||
24
|
||||
100
|
||||
(count a) (count b)]}]
|
||||
|
||||
["10_runtime_polymorphism" {"__" [(str (:name a) " eats veggies.")
|
||||
(str (:name a) " eats animals.")
|
||||
(str "I don't know what " (:name a) " eats.")
|
||||
"Hello World!"
|
||||
"Hello, you silly world."
|
||||
"Hello to this group: Peter, Paul, Mary!" ]}]
|
||||
|
||||
["11_lazy_sequences" {"__" [[1 2 3 4]
|
||||
[0 1 2 3 4]
|
||||
10
|
||||
95
|
||||
(range 20)
|
||||
:a]
|
||||
"___" [(fn [x] x)]}]
|
||||
|
||||
["12_sequence_comprehensions" {"__" [[0 1 2 3 4 5]
|
||||
(* x x)
|
||||
(range 10)
|
||||
(odd? x) (* x x)
|
||||
[row column]
|
||||
]}]
|
||||
|
||||
["13_creating_functions" {"__" [true false true
|
||||
4
|
||||
:a :b :c :d
|
||||
:c :d
|
||||
4
|
||||
8]
|
||||
"___" [(complement nil?)
|
||||
multiply-by-5
|
||||
(comp dec square)]}]
|
||||
|
||||
["14_recursion" {"__" [true
|
||||
acc
|
||||
(loop [coll coll
|
||||
acc ()]
|
||||
(if (seq coll)
|
||||
(recur (rest coll) (conj acc (first coll)))
|
||||
acc))
|
||||
(loop [n n
|
||||
acc 1]
|
||||
(if (zero? n)
|
||||
acc
|
||||
(recur (dec n) (* acc n))))]
|
||||
"___" [not]}]
|
||||
|
||||
["15_destructuring" {"__" [":bar:foo"
|
||||
(format (str "An Oxford comma list of %s, "
|
||||
"%s, "
|
||||
"and %s.")
|
||||
a b c)
|
||||
(apply str
|
||||
(interpose " "
|
||||
(apply list
|
||||
first-name
|
||||
last-name
|
||||
(interleave (repeat "aka") aliases))))
|
||||
{:original-parts full-name
|
||||
:named-parts {:first first-name :last last-name}}
|
||||
(str street-address ", " city ", " state)
|
||||
city state
|
||||
(str street-address ", " city ", " state)]
|
||||
"___" [(fn [[fname lname]
|
||||
{:keys [street-address city state]}]
|
||||
(str fname " " lname ", "
|
||||
street-address ", " city ", " state))
|
||||
]}]
|
||||
|
||||
["16_refs" {"__" ["hello"
|
||||
"hello"
|
||||
"better"
|
||||
"better!!!"
|
||||
(dosync (ref-set the-world 0))
|
||||
(map :jerry [@the-world @bizarro-world])
|
||||
]
|
||||
"___" [(fn [x] (+ 20 x))]}]
|
||||
|
||||
["17_atoms" {"__" [0
|
||||
1
|
||||
(swap! atomic-clock (partial + 4))
|
||||
20
|
||||
20
|
||||
atomic-clock 20 :fin
|
||||
]}]
|
||||
|
||||
["18_macros" {"__" [~(first form)
|
||||
~(nth form 2)
|
||||
form
|
||||
(drop 2 form)
|
||||
"Hello, Macros!"
|
||||
10
|
||||
'(+ 9 1)
|
||||
'(* 10 2)
|
||||
'(+ 10 (2 * 3))]}]
|
||||
|
||||
["19_datatypes" {"__" [(print
|
||||
(str "You're really the "
|
||||
(.category this)
|
||||
", " recipient "... sorry."))
|
||||
"peace"
|
||||
"literature"
|
||||
"physics"
|
||||
nil
|
||||
[true false]
|
||||
(str "Congratulations on your Best Picture Oscar, "
|
||||
"Evil Alien Conquerors!")]}]
|
||||
|
||||
["20_java_interop" {"__" [java.lang.String
|
||||
"SELECT * FROM"
|
||||
10
|
||||
1024
|
||||
]
|
||||
"___" [#(.toUpperCase %)
|
||||
]
|
||||
}]
|
||||
["21_partition" {"__" [partition
|
||||
[:a :b :c]
|
||||
'((0 1 2) (3 4))
|
||||
5
|
||||
:hello
|
||||
(6 :these :are)
|
||||
]}]
|
||||
["22_group_by" {"__" [odd?
|
||||
{5 ["hello" "world"] 3 ["foo" "bar"]}
|
||||
{1 [{:name "Bob" :id 1}
|
||||
{:last-name "Smith" :id 1}]
|
||||
2 [{:name "Jennifer" :id 2}]}
|
||||
nil
|
||||
{:naughty-list [{:name "Jimmy" :bad true}
|
||||
{:name "Joe" :bad true}]
|
||||
:nice-list [{:name "Jane" :bad false}]}]}]
|
||||
["23_meta" {"__" [{:league "National League"}
|
||||
{:division "West"}
|
||||
"This doesn't implement the IObj interface"
|
||||
{:foo :bar}
|
||||
nil
|
||||
\C
|
||||
inc
|
||||
:park "AT&T Park"
|
||||
'Giants
|
||||
"Giants"]}]
|
||||
]
|
||||
|
|
@ -1,18 +0,0 @@
|
|||
#!/bin/sh
|
||||
|
||||
mkdir -p releases
|
||||
lein1 deps
|
||||
zip -r releases/clojure-koans-`date +"%Y-%m-%d_%H-%M"`.zip \
|
||||
. \
|
||||
-x "./.idea/*" \
|
||||
-x "./.lein-plugins/*" \
|
||||
-x "./.git/*" \
|
||||
-x "releases/*"
|
||||
|
||||
echo
|
||||
echo "Don't forget to upload the zipfile (somewhere...)"
|
||||
echo `ls -t releases/clojure-koans-*.zip | head -n1`
|
||||
echo "git push"
|
||||
echo "git push --tags"
|
||||
echo
|
||||
|
||||
12
script/repl
12
script/repl
|
|
@ -1,12 +0,0 @@
|
|||
#!/bin/sh
|
||||
CLASSPATH=src
|
||||
|
||||
for f in lib/*.jar lib/dev/*.jar resources/; do
|
||||
CLASSPATH=$CLASSPATH:$f
|
||||
done
|
||||
|
||||
if [ "$OSTYPE" = "cygwin" ]; then
|
||||
CLASSPATH=`cygpath -wp $CLASSPATH`
|
||||
fi
|
||||
|
||||
java -Xmx1G -cp $CLASSPATH jline.ConsoleRunner clojure.main
|
||||
|
|
@ -1,14 +0,0 @@
|
|||
@echo off
|
||||
setLocal EnableDelayedExpansion
|
||||
|
||||
set CLASSPATH="
|
||||
for %%j in (".\lib\*.jar") do (
|
||||
set CLASSPATH=!CLASSPATH!;%%~fj
|
||||
)
|
||||
set CLASSPATH=!CLASSPATH!"
|
||||
set CLASSPATH=%CLASSPATH%;src;resources
|
||||
|
||||
set JLINE=jline.ConsoleRunner
|
||||
|
||||
java -Xmx1G -cp %CLASSPATH% %JLINE% clojure.main
|
||||
|
||||
13
script/run
13
script/run
|
|
@ -1,13 +0,0 @@
|
|||
#!/bin/sh
|
||||
CLASSPATH=src
|
||||
|
||||
for f in lib/*.jar lib/dev/*.jar resources/; do
|
||||
CLASSPATH=$CLASSPATH:$f
|
||||
done
|
||||
|
||||
if [ "$OSTYPE" = "cygwin" ]; then
|
||||
CLASSPATH=`cygpath -wp $CLASSPATH`
|
||||
fi
|
||||
|
||||
java -cp "$CLASSPATH" clojure.main script/run.clj
|
||||
echo
|
||||
|
|
@ -1,12 +0,0 @@
|
|||
@echo off
|
||||
setLocal EnableDelayedExpansion
|
||||
|
||||
set CLASSPATH="
|
||||
for %%j in (".\lib\*.jar", ".\lib\dev\*.jar") do (
|
||||
set CLASSPATH=!CLASSPATH!;%%~fj
|
||||
)
|
||||
set CLASSPATH=!CLASSPATH!"
|
||||
set CLASSPATH=%CLASSPATH%;src;resources
|
||||
|
||||
java -Xmx1G -cp %CLASSPATH% clojure.main script\run.clj
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -1,2 +0,0 @@
|
|||
(require 'koan-engine.runner)
|
||||
(koan-engine.runner/exec "run")
|
||||
14
script/test
14
script/test
|
|
@ -1,14 +0,0 @@
|
|||
#!/bin/sh
|
||||
CLASSPATH=src
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
for f in lib/*.jar lib/dev/*.jar resources/; do
|
||||
CLASSPATH=$CLASSPATH:$f
|
||||
done
|
||||
|
||||
if [ "$OSTYPE" = "cygwin" ]; then
|
||||
CLASSPATH=`cygpath -wp $CLASSPATH`
|
||||
fi
|
||||
|
||||
java -cp "$CLASSPATH" clojure.main script/test.clj
|
||||
echo
|
||||
|
|
@ -1,11 +0,0 @@
|
|||
@echo off
|
||||
setLocal EnableDelayedExpansion
|
||||
|
||||
set CLASSPATH="
|
||||
for %%j in (".\lib\*.jar", ".\lib\dev\*.jar") do (
|
||||
set CLASSPATH=!CLASSPATH!;%%~fj
|
||||
)
|
||||
set CLASSPATH=!CLASSPATH!"
|
||||
set CLASSPATH=%CLASSPATH%;src;resources
|
||||
|
||||
java -Xmx1G -cp %CLASSPATH% clojure.main script\test.clj
|
||||
|
|
@ -1,2 +0,0 @@
|
|||
(require 'koan-engine.runner)
|
||||
(koan-engine.runner/exec "test")
|
||||
|
|
@ -1,36 +0,0 @@
|
|||
(ns koans.01-equalities
|
||||
(:require [koan-engine.core :refer :all]))
|
||||
|
||||
(meditations
|
||||
"We shall contemplate truth by testing reality, via equality"
|
||||
(= __ true)
|
||||
|
||||
"To understand reality, we must compare our expectations against reality"
|
||||
(= __ (+ 1 1))
|
||||
|
||||
"You can test equality of many things"
|
||||
(= (+ 3 4) 7 (+ 2 __))
|
||||
|
||||
"Some things may appear different, but be the same"
|
||||
(= __ (= 2 2/1))
|
||||
|
||||
"You cannot generally float to heavens of integers"
|
||||
(= __ (= 2 2.0))
|
||||
|
||||
"But a looser equality is also possible"
|
||||
(= __ (== 2.0 2))
|
||||
|
||||
"Something is not equal to nothing"
|
||||
(= __ (not (= 1 nil)))
|
||||
|
||||
"Strings, and keywords, and symbols: oh my!"
|
||||
(= __ (= "hello" :hello 'hello))
|
||||
|
||||
"Make a keyword with your keyboard"
|
||||
(= :hello (keyword __))
|
||||
|
||||
"Symbolism is all around us"
|
||||
(= 'hello (symbol __))
|
||||
|
||||
"When things cannot be equal, they must be different"
|
||||
(not= :fill-in-the-blank __))
|
||||
Loading…
Reference in a new issue