diff --git a/src/koans/01_equalities.clj b/src/koans/01_equalities.clj index aa628e5..bc89251 100644 --- a/src/koans/01_equalities.clj +++ b/src/koans/01_equalities.clj @@ -3,37 +3,37 @@ (meditations "We shall contemplate truth by testing reality, via equality" - (= __ true) + (= true true) "To understand reality, we must compare our expectations against reality" - (= __ (+ 1 1)) + (= 2 (+ 1 1)) "You can test equality of many things" - (= (+ 3 4) 7 (+ 2 __)) + (= (+ 3 4) 7 (+ 2 5)) "Some things may appear different, but be the same" - (= __ (= 2 2/1)) + (= true (= 2 2/1)) "You cannot generally float to heavens of integers" - (= __ (= 2 2.0)) + (= false (= 2 2.0)) "But a looser equality is also possible" - (= __ (== 2.0 2)) + (= true (== 2.0 2)) "Something is not equal to nothing" - (= __ (not (= 1 nil))) + (= true (not (= 1 nil))) "Strings, and keywords, and symbols: oh my!" - (= __ (= "hello" :hello 'hello)) + (= false (= "hello" :hello 'hello)) "Make a keyword with your keyboard" - (= :hello (keyword __)) + (= :hello (keyword "hello")) "Symbolism is all around us" - (= 'hello (symbol __)) + (= 'hello (symbol "hello")) "What could be equivalent to nothing?" (= __ nil) "When things cannot be equal, they must be different" - (not= :fill-in-the-blank __)) + (not= :fill-in-the-blank :not-equal)) diff --git a/src/koans/02_strings.clj b/src/koans/02_strings.clj index af4e555..be14ef7 100644 --- a/src/koans/02_strings.clj +++ b/src/koans/02_strings.clj @@ -4,67 +4,67 @@ (meditations "A string is nothing more than text surrounded by double quotes" - (= __ "hello") + (= "hello" "hello") "But double quotes are just magic on top of something deeper" - (= __ (str 'world)) + (= "world" (str 'world)) "You can do more than create strings, you can put them together" - (= "Cool right?" (str __ __)) + (= "Cool right?" (str "Cool right?")) "You can even get certain characters" - (= \C (get "Characters" __)) + (= \C (get "Characters" 0)) "Or even count the characters" - (= __ (count "Hello World")) + (= 11 (count "Hello World")) "But strings and characters are not the same" - (= __ (= \c "c")) + (= false (= \c "c")) "What if you only wanted to get part of a string?" - (= "World" (subs "Hello World" __ __)) + (= "World" (subs "Hello World" 6 11)) "How about joining together elements in a list?" - (= __ (string/join '(1 2 3))) + (= "123" (string/join '(1 2 3))) "What if you wanted to separate them out?" - (= "1, 2, 3" (string/join __ '(1 2 3))) + (= "1, 2, 3" (string/join ", " '(1 2 3))) "Maybe you want to separate out all your lines" - (= [__ __ __] (string/split-lines "1\n2\n3")) + (= ["1", "2", "3"] (string/split-lines "1\n2\n3")) "You may want to make sure your words are backwards" - (= __ (string/reverse "hello")) + (= "olleh" (string/reverse "hello")) "Maybe you want to find the index of the first occurence of a substring" - (= 0 (string/index-of "hello world" __)) + (= 0 (string/index-of "hello world" "h")) "Or maybe the last index of the same" - (= __ (string/last-index-of "hello world, hello" "hello")) + (= 13 (string/last-index-of "hello world, hello" "hello")) "But when something doesn't exist, nothing is found" - (= __ (string/index-of "hello world" "bob")) + (= nil (string/index-of "hello world" "bob")) "Sometimes you don't want whitespace cluttering the front and back" - (= __ (string/trim " \nhello world \t \n")) + (= "hello world" (string/trim " \nhello world \t \n")) "You can check if something is a char" - (= __ (char? \c)) + (= true (char? \c)) "But it may not be" - (= __ (char? "a")) + (= false (char? "a")) "But chars aren't strings" - (= __ (string? \b)) + (= false (string? \b)) "Strings are strings" - (= true (string? __)) + (= true (string? "string")) "Some strings may be blank" - (= __ (string/blank? "")) + (= true (string/blank? "")) "Even if at first glance they aren't" - (= __ (string/blank? " \n \t ")) + (= true (string/blank? " \n \t ")) "However, most strings aren't blank" - (= __ (string/blank? "hello?\nare you out there?"))) + (= false (string/blank? "hello?\nare you out there?"))) diff --git a/src/koans/03_lists.clj b/src/koans/03_lists.clj index dbdf6f5..4fbfd86 100644 --- a/src/koans/03_lists.clj +++ b/src/koans/03_lists.clj @@ -3,43 +3,43 @@ (meditations "Lists can be expressed by function or a quoted form" - (= '(__ __ __ __ __) (list 1 2 3 4 5)) + (= '(1 2 3 4 5) (list 1 2 3 4 5)) "They are Clojure seqs (sequences), so they allow access to the first" - (= __ (first '(1 2 3 4 5))) + (= 1 (first '(1 2 3 4 5))) "As well as the rest" - (= __ (rest '(1 2 3 4 5))) + (= '(2 3 4 5) (rest '(1 2 3 4 5))) "Count your blessings" - (= __ (count '(dracula dooku chocula))) + (= 3 (count '(dracula dooku chocula))) "Before they are gone" - (= __ (count '())) + (= 0 (count '())) "The rest, when nothing is left, is empty" - (= __ (rest '(100))) + (= () (rest '(100))) "Construction by adding an element to the front is easy" - (= __ (cons :a '(:b :c :d :e))) + (= '(:a :b :c :d :e) (cons :a '(:b :c :d :e))) "Conjoining an element to a list isn't hard either" - (= __ (conj '(:a :b :c :d) :e)) + (= '(:e :a :b :c :d) (conj '(:a :b :c :d) :e)) "You can use a list like a stack to get the first element" - (= __ (peek '(:a :b :c :d :e))) + (= :a (peek '(:a :b :c :d :e))) "Or the others" - (= __ (pop '(:a :b :c :d :e))) + (= '(:b :c :d :e) (pop '(:a :b :c :d :e))) "But watch out if you try to pop nothing" - (= __ (try + (= "No dice!" (try (pop '()) (catch IllegalStateException e "No dice!"))) "The rest of nothing isn't so strict" - (= __ (try + (= '() (try (rest '()) (catch IllegalStateException e "No dice!")))) diff --git a/src/koans/04_vectors.clj b/src/koans/04_vectors.clj index 71970f6..8232c25 100644 --- a/src/koans/04_vectors.clj +++ b/src/koans/04_vectors.clj @@ -3,31 +3,31 @@ (meditations "You can use vectors in clojure as array-like structures" - (= __ (count [42])) + (= 1 (count [42])) "You can create a vector from a list" - (= __ (vec '(1))) + (= [1] (vec '(1))) "Or from some elements" - (= __ (vector nil nil)) + (= [nil, nil] (vector nil nil)) "But you can populate it with any number of elements at once" - (= [1 __] (vec '(1 2))) + (= [1, 2] (vec '(1 2))) "Conjoining to a vector is different than to a list" - (= __ (conj [111 222] 333)) + (= [111, 222, 333] (conj [111 222] 333)) "You can get the first element of a vector like so" - (= __ (first [:peanut :butter :and :jelly])) + (= :peanut (first [:peanut :butter :and :jelly])) "And the last in a similar fashion" - (= __ (last [:peanut :butter :and :jelly])) + (= :jelly (last [:peanut :butter :and :jelly])) "Or any index if you wish" - (= __ (nth [:peanut :butter :and :jelly] 3)) + (= :jelly (nth [:peanut :butter :and :jelly] 3)) "You can also slice a vector" - (= __ (subvec [:peanut :butter :and :jelly] 1 3)) + (= [:butter, :and] (subvec [:peanut :butter :and :jelly] 1 3)) "Equality with collections is in terms of values" - (= (list 1 2 3) (vector 1 2 __))) + (= (list 1 2 3) (vector 1 2 3))) \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/src/koans/05_sets.clj b/src/koans/05_sets.clj index a6e631f..83bc99d 100644 --- a/src/koans/05_sets.clj +++ b/src/koans/05_sets.clj @@ -4,19 +4,19 @@ (meditations "You can create a set by converting another collection" - (= #{3} (set __)) + (= #{3} (set #{3})) "Counting them is like counting other collections" - (= __ (count #{1 2 3})) + (= 3 (count #{1 2 3})) "Remember that a set is a *mathematical* set" - (= __ (set '(1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4 5 5))) + (= #{1 2 3 4 5} (set '(1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4 5 5))) "You can ask clojure for the union of two sets" - (= __ (set/union #{1 2 3 4} #{2 3 5})) + (= #{1 2 3 4 5} (set/union #{1 2 3 4} #{2 3 5})) "And also the intersection" - (= __ (set/intersection #{1 2 3 4} #{2 3 5})) + (= #{2, 3} (set/intersection #{1 2 3 4} #{2 3 5})) "But don't forget about the difference" - (= __ (set/difference #{1 2 3 4 5} #{2 3 5}))) + (= #{1 4} (set/difference #{1 2 3 4 5} #{2 3 5}))) diff --git a/src/koans/06_maps.clj b/src/koans/06_maps.clj index 3466864..62d2563 100644 --- a/src/koans/06_maps.clj +++ b/src/koans/06_maps.clj @@ -3,48 +3,48 @@ (meditations "Don't get lost when creating a map" - (= {:a 1 :b 2} (hash-map :a 1 __ __)) + (= {:a 1 :b 2} (hash-map :a 1 :b 2)) "A value must be supplied for each key" - (= {:a 1} (hash-map :a __)) + (= {:a 1} (hash-map :a 1)) "The size is the number of entries" - (= __ (count {:a 1 :b 2})) + (= 2 (count {:a 1 :b 2})) "You can look up the value for a given key" - (= __ (get {:a 1 :b 2} :b)) + (= 2 (get {:a 1 :b 2} :b)) "Maps can be used as functions to do lookups" - (= __ ({:a 1 :b 2} :a)) + (= 1 ({:a 1 :b 2} :a)) "And so can keywords" - (= __ (:a {:a 1 :b 2})) + (= 1 (:a {:a 1 :b 2})) "But map keys need not be keywords" - (= __ ({2010 "Vancouver" 2014 "Sochi" 2018 "PyeongChang"} 2014)) + (= "Sochi" ({2010 "Vancouver" 2014 "Sochi" 2018 "PyeongChang"} 2014)) "You may not be able to find an entry for a key" - (= __ (get {:a 1 :b 2} :c)) + (= nil (get {:a 1 :b 2} :c)) "But you can provide your own default" - (= __ (get {:a 1 :b 2} :c :key-not-found)) + (= :key-not-found (get {:a 1 :b 2} :c :key-not-found)) "You can find out if a key is present" - (= __ (contains? {:a nil :b nil} :b)) + (= true (contains? {:a nil :b nil} :b)) "Or if it is missing" - (= __ (contains? {:a nil :b nil} :c)) + (= false (contains? {:a nil :b nil} :c)) "Maps are immutable, but you can create a new and improved version" - (= {1 "January" 2 __} (assoc {1 "January"} 2 "February")) + (= {1 "January" 2 "February"} (assoc {1 "January"} 2 "February")) "You can also create a new version with an entry removed" - (= {__ __} (dissoc {1 "January" 2 "February"} 2)) + (= {1 "January"} (dissoc {1 "January" 2 "February"} 2)) "Often you will need to get the keys, but the order is undependable" - (= (list __ __ __) + (= (list 2010 2014 2018) (sort (keys { 2014 "Sochi" 2018 "PyeongChang" 2010 "Vancouver"}))) "You can get the values in a similar way" - (= (list __ __ __) + (= (list "PyeongChang" "Sochi" "Vancouver") (sort (vals {2010 "Vancouver" 2014 "Sochi" 2018 "PyeongChang"})))) diff --git a/src/koans/07_functions.clj b/src/koans/07_functions.clj index 4bf40a0..4f0b5fe 100644 --- a/src/koans/07_functions.clj +++ b/src/koans/07_functions.clj @@ -8,33 +8,33 @@ (meditations "Calling a function is like giving it a hug with parentheses" - (= __ (square 9)) + (= 81 (square 9)) "Functions are usually defined before they are used" - (= __ (multiply-by-ten 2)) + (= 20 (multiply-by-ten 2)) "But they can also be defined inline" - (= __ ((fn [n] (* 5 n)) 2)) + (= 10 ((fn [n] (* 5 n)) 2)) "Or using an even shorter syntax" - (= __ (#(* 15 %) 4)) + (= 60 (#(* 15 %) 4)) "Even anonymous functions may take multiple arguments" - (= __ (#(+ %1 %2 %3) 4 5 6)) + (= 15 (#(+ %1 %2 %3) 4 5 6)) "Arguments can also be skipped" - (= __ (#(* 15 %2) 1 2)) + (= 30 (#(* 15 %2) 1 2)) "One function can beget another" - (= 9 (((fn [] ___)) 4 5)) + (= 9 ((#(fn [a b] (+ a b))) 4 5)) "Functions can also take other functions as input" (= 20 ((fn [f] (f 4 5)) - ___)) + *)) "Higher-order functions take function arguments" - (= 25 (___ + (= 25 ((fn [aFun] (aFun 5)) (fn [n] (* n n)))) "But they are often better written using the names of functions" - (= 25 (___ square))) + (= 25 ((fn [squre] (squre 5)) square)))