diff --git a/d2ir/compile.go b/d2ir/compile.go
index 3944d1901..8e01a3f69 100644
--- a/d2ir/compile.go
+++ b/d2ir/compile.go
@@ -16,7 +16,9 @@ func (c *compiler) errorf(n d2ast.Node, f string, v ...interface{}) {
 func Compile(ast *d2ast.Map) (*Layer, error) {
 	l := &Layer{
 		AST: ast,
-		Map: &Map{},
+	}
+	l.Map = &Map{
+		parent: l,
 	}
 
 	c := &compiler{}
diff --git a/testdata/d2ir/TestCompile/layer/root.exp.json b/testdata/d2ir/TestCompile/layer/root.exp.json
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..6d6daa531
--- /dev/null
+++ b/testdata/d2ir/TestCompile/layer/root.exp.json
@@ -0,0 +1,1055 @@
+{
+  "ast": {
+    "range": "TestCompile/layer/root.d2,0:0:0-3:1:36",
+    "nodes": [
+      {
+        "map_key": {
+          "range": "TestCompile/layer/root.d2,0:0:0-0:6:6",
+          "edges": [
+            {
+              "range": "TestCompile/layer/root.d2,0:0:0-0:6:6",
+              "src": {
+                "range": "TestCompile/layer/root.d2,0:0:0-0:2:2",
+                "path": [
+                  {
+                    "unquoted_string": {
+                      "range": "TestCompile/layer/root.d2,0:0:0-0:1:1",
+                      "value": [
+                        {
+                          "string": "x",
+                          "raw_string": "x"
+                        }
+                      ]
+                    }
+                  }
+                ]
+              },
+              "src_arrow": "",
+              "dst": {
+                "range": "TestCompile/layer/root.d2,0:4:4-0:6:6",
+                "path": [
+                  {
+                    "unquoted_string": {
+                      "range": "TestCompile/layer/root.d2,0:5:5-0:6:6",
+                      "value": [
+                        {
+                          "string": "y",
+                          "raw_string": "y"
+                        }
+                      ]
+                    }
+                  }
+                ]
+              },
+              "dst_arrow": ">"
+            }
+          ],
+          "primary": {},
+          "value": {}
+        }
+      },
+      {
+        "map_key": {
+          "range": "TestCompile/layer/root.d2,1:0:7-3:1:36",
+          "key": {
+            "range": "TestCompile/layer/root.d2,1:0:7-1:6:13",
+            "path": [
+              {
+                "unquoted_string": {
+                  "range": "TestCompile/layer/root.d2,1:0:7-1:6:13",
+                  "value": [
+                    {
+                      "string": "layers",
+                      "raw_string": "layers"
+                    }
+                  ]
+                }
+              }
+            ]
+          },
+          "primary": {},
+          "value": {
+            "map": {
+              "range": "TestCompile/layer/root.d2,1:8:15-3:0:35",
+              "nodes": [
+                {
+                  "map_key": {
+                    "range": "TestCompile/layer/root.d2,2:1:18-2:17:34",
+                    "key": {
+                      "range": "TestCompile/layer/root.d2,2:1:18-2:6:23",
+                      "path": [
+                        {
+                          "unquoted_string": {
+                            "range": "TestCompile/layer/root.d2,2:1:18-2:6:23",
+                            "value": [
+                              {
+                                "string": "bingo",
+                                "raw_string": "bingo"
+                              }
+                            ]
+                          }
+                        }
+                      ]
+                    },
+                    "primary": {},
+                    "value": {
+                      "map": {
+                        "range": "TestCompile/layer/root.d2,2:8:25-2:16:33",
+                        "nodes": [
+                          {
+                            "map_key": {
+                              "range": "TestCompile/layer/root.d2,2:10:27-2:16:33",
+                              "key": {
+                                "range": "TestCompile/layer/root.d2,2:10:27-2:16:33",
+                                "path": [
+                                  {
+                                    "unquoted_string": {
+                                      "range": "TestCompile/layer/root.d2,2:10:27-2:11:28",
+                                      "value": [
+                                        {
+                                          "string": "p",
+                                          "raw_string": "p"
+                                        }
+                                      ]
+                                    }
+                                  },
+                                  {
+                                    "unquoted_string": {
+                                      "range": "TestCompile/layer/root.d2,2:12:29-2:13:30",
+                                      "value": [
+                                        {
+                                          "string": "q",
+                                          "raw_string": "q"
+                                        }
+                                      ]
+                                    }
+                                  },
+                                  {
+                                    "unquoted_string": {
+                                      "range": "TestCompile/layer/root.d2,2:14:31-2:15:32",
+                                      "value": [
+                                        {
+                                          "string": "z",
+                                          "raw_string": "z"
+                                        }
+                                      ]
+                                    }
+                                  }
+                                ]
+                              },
+                              "primary": {},
+                              "value": {}
+                            }
+                          }
+                        ]
+                      }
+                    }
+                  }
+                }
+              ]
+            }
+          }
+        }
+      }
+    ]
+  },
+  "base": {
+    "fields": [
+      {
+        "name": "x",
+        "references": [
+          {
+            "string": {
+              "range": "TestCompile/layer/root.d2,0:0:0-0:1:1",
+              "value": [
+                {
+                  "string": "x",
+                  "raw_string": "x"
+                }
+              ]
+            },
+            "key_path": {
+              "range": "TestCompile/layer/root.d2,0:0:0-0:2:2",
+              "path": [
+                {
+                  "unquoted_string": {
+                    "range": "TestCompile/layer/root.d2,0:0:0-0:1:1",
+                    "value": [
+                      {
+                        "string": "x",
+                        "raw_string": "x"
+                      }
+                    ]
+                  }
+                }
+              ]
+            },
+            "context": {
+              "key": {
+                "range": "TestCompile/layer/root.d2,0:0:0-0:6:6",
+                "edges": [
+                  {
+                    "range": "TestCompile/layer/root.d2,0:0:0-0:6:6",
+                    "src": {
+                      "range": "TestCompile/layer/root.d2,0:0:0-0:2:2",
+                      "path": [
+                        {
+                          "unquoted_string": {
+                            "range": "TestCompile/layer/root.d2,0:0:0-0:1:1",
+                            "value": [
+                              {
+                                "string": "x",
+                                "raw_string": "x"
+                              }
+                            ]
+                          }
+                        }
+                      ]
+                    },
+                    "src_arrow": "",
+                    "dst": {
+                      "range": "TestCompile/layer/root.d2,0:4:4-0:6:6",
+                      "path": [
+                        {
+                          "unquoted_string": {
+                            "range": "TestCompile/layer/root.d2,0:5:5-0:6:6",
+                            "value": [
+                              {
+                                "string": "y",
+                                "raw_string": "y"
+                              }
+                            ]
+                          }
+                        }
+                      ]
+                    },
+                    "dst_arrow": ">"
+                  }
+                ],
+                "primary": {},
+                "value": {}
+              },
+              "edge": {
+                "range": "TestCompile/layer/root.d2,0:0:0-0:6:6",
+                "src": {
+                  "range": "TestCompile/layer/root.d2,0:0:0-0:2:2",
+                  "path": [
+                    {
+                      "unquoted_string": {
+                        "range": "TestCompile/layer/root.d2,0:0:0-0:1:1",
+                        "value": [
+                          {
+                            "string": "x",
+                            "raw_string": "x"
+                          }
+                        ]
+                      }
+                    }
+                  ]
+                },
+                "src_arrow": "",
+                "dst": {
+                  "range": "TestCompile/layer/root.d2,0:4:4-0:6:6",
+                  "path": [
+                    {
+                      "unquoted_string": {
+                        "range": "TestCompile/layer/root.d2,0:5:5-0:6:6",
+                        "value": [
+                          {
+                            "string": "y",
+                            "raw_string": "y"
+                          }
+                        ]
+                      }
+                    }
+                  ]
+                },
+                "dst_arrow": ">"
+              }
+            }
+          }
+        ]
+      },
+      {
+        "name": "y",
+        "references": [
+          {
+            "string": {
+              "range": "TestCompile/layer/root.d2,0:5:5-0:6:6",
+              "value": [
+                {
+                  "string": "y",
+                  "raw_string": "y"
+                }
+              ]
+            },
+            "key_path": {
+              "range": "TestCompile/layer/root.d2,0:4:4-0:6:6",
+              "path": [
+                {
+                  "unquoted_string": {
+                    "range": "TestCompile/layer/root.d2,0:5:5-0:6:6",
+                    "value": [
+                      {
+                        "string": "y",
+                        "raw_string": "y"
+                      }
+                    ]
+                  }
+                }
+              ]
+            },
+            "context": {
+              "key": {
+                "range": "TestCompile/layer/root.d2,0:0:0-0:6:6",
+                "edges": [
+                  {
+                    "range": "TestCompile/layer/root.d2,0:0:0-0:6:6",
+                    "src": {
+                      "range": "TestCompile/layer/root.d2,0:0:0-0:2:2",
+                      "path": [
+                        {
+                          "unquoted_string": {
+                            "range": "TestCompile/layer/root.d2,0:0:0-0:1:1",
+                            "value": [
+                              {
+                                "string": "x",
+                                "raw_string": "x"
+                              }
+                            ]
+                          }
+                        }
+                      ]
+                    },
+                    "src_arrow": "",
+                    "dst": {
+                      "range": "TestCompile/layer/root.d2,0:4:4-0:6:6",
+                      "path": [
+                        {
+                          "unquoted_string": {
+                            "range": "TestCompile/layer/root.d2,0:5:5-0:6:6",
+                            "value": [
+                              {
+                                "string": "y",
+                                "raw_string": "y"
+                              }
+                            ]
+                          }
+                        }
+                      ]
+                    },
+                    "dst_arrow": ">"
+                  }
+                ],
+                "primary": {},
+                "value": {}
+              },
+              "edge": {
+                "range": "TestCompile/layer/root.d2,0:0:0-0:6:6",
+                "src": {
+                  "range": "TestCompile/layer/root.d2,0:0:0-0:2:2",
+                  "path": [
+                    {
+                      "unquoted_string": {
+                        "range": "TestCompile/layer/root.d2,0:0:0-0:1:1",
+                        "value": [
+                          {
+                            "string": "x",
+                            "raw_string": "x"
+                          }
+                        ]
+                      }
+                    }
+                  ]
+                },
+                "src_arrow": "",
+                "dst": {
+                  "range": "TestCompile/layer/root.d2,0:4:4-0:6:6",
+                  "path": [
+                    {
+                      "unquoted_string": {
+                        "range": "TestCompile/layer/root.d2,0:5:5-0:6:6",
+                        "value": [
+                          {
+                            "string": "y",
+                            "raw_string": "y"
+                          }
+                        ]
+                      }
+                    }
+                  ]
+                },
+                "dst_arrow": ">"
+              }
+            }
+          }
+        ]
+      },
+      {
+        "name": "layers",
+        "composite": {
+          "fields": [
+            {
+              "name": "bingo",
+              "composite": {
+                "fields": [
+                  {
+                    "name": "p",
+                    "composite": {
+                      "fields": [
+                        {
+                          "name": "q",
+                          "composite": {
+                            "fields": [
+                              {
+                                "name": "z",
+                                "references": [
+                                  {
+                                    "string": {
+                                      "range": "TestCompile/layer/root.d2,2:14:31-2:15:32",
+                                      "value": [
+                                        {
+                                          "string": "z",
+                                          "raw_string": "z"
+                                        }
+                                      ]
+                                    },
+                                    "key_path": {
+                                      "range": "TestCompile/layer/root.d2,2:10:27-2:16:33",
+                                      "path": [
+                                        {
+                                          "unquoted_string": {
+                                            "range": "TestCompile/layer/root.d2,2:10:27-2:11:28",
+                                            "value": [
+                                              {
+                                                "string": "p",
+                                                "raw_string": "p"
+                                              }
+                                            ]
+                                          }
+                                        },
+                                        {
+                                          "unquoted_string": {
+                                            "range": "TestCompile/layer/root.d2,2:12:29-2:13:30",
+                                            "value": [
+                                              {
+                                                "string": "q",
+                                                "raw_string": "q"
+                                              }
+                                            ]
+                                          }
+                                        },
+                                        {
+                                          "unquoted_string": {
+                                            "range": "TestCompile/layer/root.d2,2:14:31-2:15:32",
+                                            "value": [
+                                              {
+                                                "string": "z",
+                                                "raw_string": "z"
+                                              }
+                                            ]
+                                          }
+                                        }
+                                      ]
+                                    },
+                                    "context": {
+                                      "key": {
+                                        "range": "TestCompile/layer/root.d2,2:10:27-2:16:33",
+                                        "key": {
+                                          "range": "TestCompile/layer/root.d2,2:10:27-2:16:33",
+                                          "path": [
+                                            {
+                                              "unquoted_string": {
+                                                "range": "TestCompile/layer/root.d2,2:10:27-2:11:28",
+                                                "value": [
+                                                  {
+                                                    "string": "p",
+                                                    "raw_string": "p"
+                                                  }
+                                                ]
+                                              }
+                                            },
+                                            {
+                                              "unquoted_string": {
+                                                "range": "TestCompile/layer/root.d2,2:12:29-2:13:30",
+                                                "value": [
+                                                  {
+                                                    "string": "q",
+                                                    "raw_string": "q"
+                                                  }
+                                                ]
+                                              }
+                                            },
+                                            {
+                                              "unquoted_string": {
+                                                "range": "TestCompile/layer/root.d2,2:14:31-2:15:32",
+                                                "value": [
+                                                  {
+                                                    "string": "z",
+                                                    "raw_string": "z"
+                                                  }
+                                                ]
+                                              }
+                                            }
+                                          ]
+                                        },
+                                        "primary": {},
+                                        "value": {}
+                                      },
+                                      "edge": null
+                                    }
+                                  }
+                                ]
+                              }
+                            ],
+                            "edges": null
+                          },
+                          "references": [
+                            {
+                              "string": {
+                                "range": "TestCompile/layer/root.d2,2:12:29-2:13:30",
+                                "value": [
+                                  {
+                                    "string": "q",
+                                    "raw_string": "q"
+                                  }
+                                ]
+                              },
+                              "key_path": {
+                                "range": "TestCompile/layer/root.d2,2:10:27-2:16:33",
+                                "path": [
+                                  {
+                                    "unquoted_string": {
+                                      "range": "TestCompile/layer/root.d2,2:10:27-2:11:28",
+                                      "value": [
+                                        {
+                                          "string": "p",
+                                          "raw_string": "p"
+                                        }
+                                      ]
+                                    }
+                                  },
+                                  {
+                                    "unquoted_string": {
+                                      "range": "TestCompile/layer/root.d2,2:12:29-2:13:30",
+                                      "value": [
+                                        {
+                                          "string": "q",
+                                          "raw_string": "q"
+                                        }
+                                      ]
+                                    }
+                                  },
+                                  {
+                                    "unquoted_string": {
+                                      "range": "TestCompile/layer/root.d2,2:14:31-2:15:32",
+                                      "value": [
+                                        {
+                                          "string": "z",
+                                          "raw_string": "z"
+                                        }
+                                      ]
+                                    }
+                                  }
+                                ]
+                              },
+                              "context": {
+                                "key": {
+                                  "range": "TestCompile/layer/root.d2,2:10:27-2:16:33",
+                                  "key": {
+                                    "range": "TestCompile/layer/root.d2,2:10:27-2:16:33",
+                                    "path": [
+                                      {
+                                        "unquoted_string": {
+                                          "range": "TestCompile/layer/root.d2,2:10:27-2:11:28",
+                                          "value": [
+                                            {
+                                              "string": "p",
+                                              "raw_string": "p"
+                                            }
+                                          ]
+                                        }
+                                      },
+                                      {
+                                        "unquoted_string": {
+                                          "range": "TestCompile/layer/root.d2,2:12:29-2:13:30",
+                                          "value": [
+                                            {
+                                              "string": "q",
+                                              "raw_string": "q"
+                                            }
+                                          ]
+                                        }
+                                      },
+                                      {
+                                        "unquoted_string": {
+                                          "range": "TestCompile/layer/root.d2,2:14:31-2:15:32",
+                                          "value": [
+                                            {
+                                              "string": "z",
+                                              "raw_string": "z"
+                                            }
+                                          ]
+                                        }
+                                      }
+                                    ]
+                                  },
+                                  "primary": {},
+                                  "value": {}
+                                },
+                                "edge": null
+                              }
+                            }
+                          ]
+                        }
+                      ],
+                      "edges": null
+                    },
+                    "references": [
+                      {
+                        "string": {
+                          "range": "TestCompile/layer/root.d2,2:10:27-2:11:28",
+                          "value": [
+                            {
+                              "string": "p",
+                              "raw_string": "p"
+                            }
+                          ]
+                        },
+                        "key_path": {
+                          "range": "TestCompile/layer/root.d2,2:10:27-2:16:33",
+                          "path": [
+                            {
+                              "unquoted_string": {
+                                "range": "TestCompile/layer/root.d2,2:10:27-2:11:28",
+                                "value": [
+                                  {
+                                    "string": "p",
+                                    "raw_string": "p"
+                                  }
+                                ]
+                              }
+                            },
+                            {
+                              "unquoted_string": {
+                                "range": "TestCompile/layer/root.d2,2:12:29-2:13:30",
+                                "value": [
+                                  {
+                                    "string": "q",
+                                    "raw_string": "q"
+                                  }
+                                ]
+                              }
+                            },
+                            {
+                              "unquoted_string": {
+                                "range": "TestCompile/layer/root.d2,2:14:31-2:15:32",
+                                "value": [
+                                  {
+                                    "string": "z",
+                                    "raw_string": "z"
+                                  }
+                                ]
+                              }
+                            }
+                          ]
+                        },
+                        "context": {
+                          "key": {
+                            "range": "TestCompile/layer/root.d2,2:10:27-2:16:33",
+                            "key": {
+                              "range": "TestCompile/layer/root.d2,2:10:27-2:16:33",
+                              "path": [
+                                {
+                                  "unquoted_string": {
+                                    "range": "TestCompile/layer/root.d2,2:10:27-2:11:28",
+                                    "value": [
+                                      {
+                                        "string": "p",
+                                        "raw_string": "p"
+                                      }
+                                    ]
+                                  }
+                                },
+                                {
+                                  "unquoted_string": {
+                                    "range": "TestCompile/layer/root.d2,2:12:29-2:13:30",
+                                    "value": [
+                                      {
+                                        "string": "q",
+                                        "raw_string": "q"
+                                      }
+                                    ]
+                                  }
+                                },
+                                {
+                                  "unquoted_string": {
+                                    "range": "TestCompile/layer/root.d2,2:14:31-2:15:32",
+                                    "value": [
+                                      {
+                                        "string": "z",
+                                        "raw_string": "z"
+                                      }
+                                    ]
+                                  }
+                                }
+                              ]
+                            },
+                            "primary": {},
+                            "value": {}
+                          },
+                          "edge": null
+                        }
+                      }
+                    ]
+                  }
+                ],
+                "edges": null
+              },
+              "references": [
+                {
+                  "string": {
+                    "range": "TestCompile/layer/root.d2,2:1:18-2:6:23",
+                    "value": [
+                      {
+                        "string": "bingo",
+                        "raw_string": "bingo"
+                      }
+                    ]
+                  },
+                  "key_path": {
+                    "range": "TestCompile/layer/root.d2,2:1:18-2:6:23",
+                    "path": [
+                      {
+                        "unquoted_string": {
+                          "range": "TestCompile/layer/root.d2,2:1:18-2:6:23",
+                          "value": [
+                            {
+                              "string": "bingo",
+                              "raw_string": "bingo"
+                            }
+                          ]
+                        }
+                      }
+                    ]
+                  },
+                  "context": {
+                    "key": {
+                      "range": "TestCompile/layer/root.d2,2:1:18-2:17:34",
+                      "key": {
+                        "range": "TestCompile/layer/root.d2,2:1:18-2:6:23",
+                        "path": [
+                          {
+                            "unquoted_string": {
+                              "range": "TestCompile/layer/root.d2,2:1:18-2:6:23",
+                              "value": [
+                                {
+                                  "string": "bingo",
+                                  "raw_string": "bingo"
+                                }
+                              ]
+                            }
+                          }
+                        ]
+                      },
+                      "primary": {},
+                      "value": {
+                        "map": {
+                          "range": "TestCompile/layer/root.d2,2:8:25-2:16:33",
+                          "nodes": [
+                            {
+                              "map_key": {
+                                "range": "TestCompile/layer/root.d2,2:10:27-2:16:33",
+                                "key": {
+                                  "range": "TestCompile/layer/root.d2,2:10:27-2:16:33",
+                                  "path": [
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