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Route Syntax
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Route Data
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Route Conflicts
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Configuring Routers
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Different Routers
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Route Validation
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Ring
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Ring-router
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Dynamic Extensions
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Pluggable Coercion
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Route Data Validation
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Compiling Middleware
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Interceptors
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Swagger & Openapi
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Performance
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<!-- Title -->
< h1 >
< i class = "fa fa-circle-o-notch fa-spin" > < / i >
< a href = ".." > Ring-router< / a >
< / h1 >
< / div >
< div class = "page-wrapper" tabindex = "-1" role = "main" >
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< div class = "search-noresults" >
< section class = "normal markdown-section" >
< h1 id = "ring-router" > Ring Router< / h1 >
< p > < a href = "https://github.com/ring-clojure/ring" target = "_blank" > Ring< / a > -router adds support for < a href = "https://github.com/ring-clojure/ring/wiki/Concepts#handlers" target = "_blank" > handlers< / a > , < a href = "https://github.com/ring-clojure/ring/wiki/Concepts#middleware" target = "_blank" > middleware< / a > and routing based on < code > :request-method< / code > . Ring-router is created with < code > reitit.ring/router< / code > function. It runs a custom route compiler, creating a optimized stucture for handling route matches, with compiled middleware chain & handlers for all request methods. It also ensures that all routes have a < code > :handler< / code > defined.< / p >
< p > Simple Ring app:< / p >
< pre > < code class = "lang-clj" > (< span class = "hljs-name" > require< / span > ' [reitit.ring < span class = "hljs-symbol" > :as< / span > ring])
(< span class = "hljs-name" > < span class = "hljs-builtin-name" > defn< / span > < / span > handler [_]
{< span class = "hljs-symbol" > :status< / span > < span class = "hljs-number" > 200< / span > , < span class = "hljs-symbol" > :body< / span > < span class = "hljs-string" > " ok" < / span > })
(< span class = "hljs-name" > < span class = "hljs-builtin-name" > def< / span > < / span > app
(< span class = "hljs-name" > ring/ring-handler< / span >
(< span class = "hljs-name" > ring/router< / span >
[< span class = "hljs-string" > " /ping" < / span > handler])))
< / code > < / pre >
< p > Applying the handler:< / p >
< pre > < code class = "lang-clj" > (< span class = "hljs-name" > app< / span > {< span class = "hljs-symbol" > :request-method< / span > < span class = "hljs-symbol" > :get< / span > , < span class = "hljs-symbol" > :uri< / span > < span class = "hljs-string" > " /favicon.ico" < / span > })
< span class = "hljs-comment" > ; nil< / span >
(< span class = "hljs-name" > app< / span > {< span class = "hljs-symbol" > :request-method< / span > < span class = "hljs-symbol" > :get< / span > , < span class = "hljs-symbol" > :uri< / span > < span class = "hljs-string" > " /ping" < / span > })
< span class = "hljs-comment" > ; {:status 200, :body " ok" }< / span >
< / code > < / pre >
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< p > The expanded routes shows the compilation results:< / p >
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< pre > < code class = "lang-clj" > (< span class = "hljs-name" > < span class = "hljs-builtin-name" > -> < / span > < / span > app (< span class = "hljs-name" > ring/get-router< / span > ) (< span class = "hljs-name" > reitit/routes< / span > ))
< span class = "hljs-comment" > ; [[" /ping" < / span >
< span class = "hljs-comment" > ; {:handler #object[...]}< / span >
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< span class = "hljs-comment" > ; #Methods{:any #Endpoint{:data {:handler #object[...]},< / span >
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< span class = "hljs-comment" > ; :handler #object[...],< / span >
< span class = "hljs-comment" > ; :middleware []}}]]< / span >
< / code > < / pre >
< p > Note that the compiled resuts as third element in the route vector.< / p >
< h1 id = "request-method-based-routing" > Request-method based routing< / h1 >
< p > Handler are also looked under request-method keys: < code > :get< / code > , < code > :head< / code > , < code > :patch< / code > , < code > :delete< / code > , < code > :options< / code > , < code > :post< / code > or < code > :put< / code > . Top-level handler is used if request-method based handler is not found.< / p >
< pre > < code class = "lang-clj" > (< span class = "hljs-name" > < span class = "hljs-builtin-name" > def< / span > < / span > app
(< span class = "hljs-name" > ring/ring-handler< / span >
(< span class = "hljs-name" > ring/router< / span >
[< span class = "hljs-string" > " /ping" < / span > {< span class = "hljs-symbol" > :name< / span > < span class = "hljs-symbol" > ::ping< / span >
< span class = "hljs-symbol" > :get< / span > handler
< span class = "hljs-symbol" > :post< / span > handler}])))
(< span class = "hljs-name" > app< / span > {< span class = "hljs-symbol" > :request-method< / span > < span class = "hljs-symbol" > :get< / span > , < span class = "hljs-symbol" > :uri< / span > < span class = "hljs-string" > " /ping" < / span > })
< span class = "hljs-comment" > ; {:status 200, :body " ok" }< / span >
(< span class = "hljs-name" > app< / span > {< span class = "hljs-symbol" > :request-method< / span > < span class = "hljs-symbol" > :put< / span > , < span class = "hljs-symbol" > :uri< / span > < span class = "hljs-string" > " /ping" < / span > })
< span class = "hljs-comment" > ; nil< / span >
< / code > < / pre >
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< p > Name-based reverse routing:< / p >
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< pre > < code class = "lang-clj" > (< span class = "hljs-name" > < span class = "hljs-builtin-name" > -> < / span > < / span > app
(< span class = "hljs-name" > ring/get-router< / span > )
(< span class = "hljs-name" > reitit/match-by-name< / span > < span class = "hljs-symbol" > ::ping< / span > )
< span class = "hljs-symbol" > :path< / span > )
< span class = "hljs-comment" > ; " /ping" < / span >
< / code > < / pre >
< h1 id = "middleware" > Middleware< / h1 >
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< p > Middleware can be added with a < code > :middleware< / code > key, either to top-level or under < code > :request-method< / code > submap. It' s value should be a vector value of the following:< / p >
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< ol >
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< li > normal ring middleware function < code > handler -> request -> response< / code > < / li >
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< li > vector of middleware function < code > handler ?args -> request -> response< / code > and optinally it' s args.< / li >
< / ol >
< p > A middleware and a handler:< / p >
< pre > < code class = "lang-clj" > (< span class = "hljs-name" > < span class = "hljs-builtin-name" > defn< / span > < / span > wrap [handler id]
(< span class = "hljs-name" > < span class = "hljs-builtin-name" > fn< / span > < / span > [request]
(< span class = "hljs-name" > handler< / span > (< span class = "hljs-name" > update< / span > request < span class = "hljs-symbol" > ::acc< / span > (< span class = "hljs-name" > fnil< / span > conj []) id))))
(< span class = "hljs-name" > < span class = "hljs-builtin-name" > defn< / span > < / span > handler [{< span class = "hljs-symbol" > :keys< / span > [< span class = "hljs-symbol" > ::acc< / span > ]}]
{< span class = "hljs-symbol" > :status< / span > < span class = "hljs-number" > 200< / span > , < span class = "hljs-symbol" > :body< / span > (< span class = "hljs-name" > < span class = "hljs-builtin-name" > conj< / span > < / span > acc < span class = "hljs-symbol" > :handler< / span > )})
< / code > < / pre >
< p > App with nested middleware:< / p >
< pre > < code class = "lang-clj" > (< span class = "hljs-name" > < span class = "hljs-builtin-name" > def< / span > < / span > app
(< span class = "hljs-name" > ring/ring-handler< / span >
(< span class = "hljs-name" > ring/router< / span >
[< span class = "hljs-string" > " /api" < / span > {< span class = "hljs-symbol" > :middleware< / span > [#(< span class = "hljs-name" > wrap< / span > % < span class = "hljs-symbol" > :api< / span > )]}
[< span class = "hljs-string" > " /ping" < / span > handler]
[< span class = "hljs-string" > " /admin" < / span > {< span class = "hljs-symbol" > :middleware< / span > [[wrap < span class = "hljs-symbol" > :admin< / span > ]]}
[< span class = "hljs-string" > " /db" < / span > {< span class = "hljs-symbol" > :middleware< / span > [[wrap < span class = "hljs-symbol" > :db< / span > ]]
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< span class = "hljs-symbol" > :delete< / span > {< span class = "hljs-symbol" > :middleware< / span > [[wrap < span class = "hljs-symbol" > :delete< / span > ]]
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< span class = "hljs-symbol" > :handler< / span > handler}}]]])))
< / code > < / pre >
< p > Middleware is applied correctly:< / p >
< pre > < code class = "lang-clj" > (< span class = "hljs-name" > app< / span > {< span class = "hljs-symbol" > :request-method< / span > < span class = "hljs-symbol" > :delete< / span > , < span class = "hljs-symbol" > :uri< / span > < span class = "hljs-string" > " /api/ping" < / span > })
< span class = "hljs-comment" > ; {:status 200, :body [:api :handler]}< / span >
< / code > < / pre >
< pre > < code class = "lang-clj" > (< span class = "hljs-name" > app< / span > {< span class = "hljs-symbol" > :request-method< / span > < span class = "hljs-symbol" > :delete< / span > , < span class = "hljs-symbol" > :uri< / span > < span class = "hljs-string" > " /api/admin/db" < / span > })
< span class = "hljs-comment" > ; {:status 200, :body [:api :admin :db :delete :handler]}< / span >
< / code > < / pre >
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< h1 id = "default-handler" > Default handler< / h1 >
< p > By default, if no routes match, < code > nil< / code > is returned, which is not valid response in Ring:< / p >
< pre > < code class = "lang-clj" > (< span class = "hljs-name" > < span class = "hljs-builtin-name" > defn< / span > < / span > handler [_]
{< span class = "hljs-symbol" > :status< / span > < span class = "hljs-number" > 200< / span > , < span class = "hljs-symbol" > :body< / span > < span class = "hljs-string" > " " < / span > })
(< span class = "hljs-name" > < span class = "hljs-builtin-name" > def< / span > < / span > app
(< span class = "hljs-name" > ring/ring-handler< / span >
(< span class = "hljs-name" > ring/router< / span >
[< span class = "hljs-string" > " /ping" < / span > handler])))
(< span class = "hljs-name" > app< / span > {< span class = "hljs-symbol" > :uri< / span > < span class = "hljs-string" > " /invalid" < / span > })
< span class = "hljs-comment" > ; nil< / span >
< / code > < / pre >
< p > Setting the default-handler as a second argument to < code > ring-handler< / code > :< / p >
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< pre > < code class = "lang-clj" > (< span class = "hljs-name" > < span class = "hljs-builtin-name" > def< / span > < / span > app
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(< span class = "hljs-name" > ring/ring-handler< / span >
(< span class = "hljs-name" > ring/router< / span >
[< span class = "hljs-string" > " /ping" < / span > handler])
(< span class = "hljs-name" > < span class = "hljs-builtin-name" > constantly< / span > < / span > {< span class = "hljs-symbol" > :status< / span > < span class = "hljs-number" > 404< / span > , < span class = "hljs-symbol" > :body< / span > < span class = "hljs-string" > " " < / span > })))
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(< span class = "hljs-name" > app< / span > {< span class = "hljs-symbol" > :uri< / span > < span class = "hljs-string" > " /invalid" < / span > })
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< span class = "hljs-comment" > ; {:status 404, :body " " }< / span >
< / code > < / pre >
< p > To get more correct http error responses, < code > ring/create-default-handler< / code > can be used. It differentiates < code > :not-found< / code > (no route matched), < code > :method-not-accepted< / code > (no method matched) and < code > :not-acceptable< / code > (handler returned < code > nil< / code > ).< / p >
< p > With defaults:< / p >
< pre > < code class = "lang-clj" > (< span class = "hljs-name" > < span class = "hljs-builtin-name" > def< / span > < / span > app
(< span class = "hljs-name" > ring/ring-handler< / span >
(< span class = "hljs-name" > ring/router< / span >
[[< span class = "hljs-string" > " /ping" < / span > {< span class = "hljs-symbol" > :get< / span > handler}]
[< span class = "hljs-string" > " /pong" < / span > (< span class = "hljs-name" > < span class = "hljs-builtin-name" > constantly< / span > < / span > < span class = "hljs-literal" > nil< / span > )]])
(< span class = "hljs-name" > ring/create-default-handler< / span > )))
(< span class = "hljs-name" > app< / span > {< span class = "hljs-symbol" > :request-method< / span > < span class = "hljs-symbol" > :get< / span > , < span class = "hljs-symbol" > :uri< / span > < span class = "hljs-string" > " /ping" < / span > })
< span class = "hljs-comment" > ; {:status 200, :body " " }< / span >
(< span class = "hljs-name" > app< / span > {< span class = "hljs-symbol" > :request-method< / span > < span class = "hljs-symbol" > :get< / span > , < span class = "hljs-symbol" > :uri< / span > < span class = "hljs-string" > " /" < / span > })
< span class = "hljs-comment" > ; {:status 404, :body " " }< / span >
(< span class = "hljs-name" > app< / span > {< span class = "hljs-symbol" > :request-method< / span > < span class = "hljs-symbol" > :post< / span > , < span class = "hljs-symbol" > :uri< / span > < span class = "hljs-string" > " /ping" < / span > })
< span class = "hljs-comment" > ; {:status 405, :body " " }< / span >
(< span class = "hljs-name" > app< / span > {< span class = "hljs-symbol" > :request-method< / span > < span class = "hljs-symbol" > :get< / span > , < span class = "hljs-symbol" > :uri< / span > < span class = "hljs-string" > " /pong" < / span > })
< span class = "hljs-comment" > ; {:status 406, :body " " }< / span >
< / code > < / pre >
< p > With custom responses:< / p >
< pre > < code class = "lang-clj" > (< span class = "hljs-name" > < span class = "hljs-builtin-name" > def< / span > < / span > app
(< span class = "hljs-name" > ring/ring-handler< / span >
(< span class = "hljs-name" > ring/router< / span >
[[< span class = "hljs-string" > " /ping" < / span > {< span class = "hljs-symbol" > :get< / span > handler}]
[< span class = "hljs-string" > " /pong" < / span > (< span class = "hljs-name" > < span class = "hljs-builtin-name" > constantly< / span > < / span > < span class = "hljs-literal" > nil< / span > )]])
(< span class = "hljs-name" > ring/create-default-handler< / span >
{< span class = "hljs-symbol" > :not-found< / span > (< span class = "hljs-name" > < span class = "hljs-builtin-name" > constantly< / span > < / span > {< span class = "hljs-symbol" > :status< / span > < span class = "hljs-number" > 404< / span > , < span class = "hljs-symbol" > :body< / span > < span class = "hljs-string" > " kosh" < / span > })
< span class = "hljs-symbol" > :method-not-allowed< / span > (< span class = "hljs-name" > < span class = "hljs-builtin-name" > constantly< / span > < / span > {< span class = "hljs-symbol" > :status< / span > < span class = "hljs-number" > 405< / span > , < span class = "hljs-symbol" > :body< / span > < span class = "hljs-string" > " kosh" < / span > })
< span class = "hljs-symbol" > :not-acceptable< / span > (< span class = "hljs-name" > < span class = "hljs-builtin-name" > constantly< / span > < / span > {< span class = "hljs-symbol" > :status< / span > < span class = "hljs-number" > 406< / span > , < span class = "hljs-symbol" > :body< / span > < span class = "hljs-string" > " kosh" < / span > })})))
(< span class = "hljs-name" > app< / span > {< span class = "hljs-symbol" > :request-method< / span > < span class = "hljs-symbol" > :get< / span > , < span class = "hljs-symbol" > :uri< / span > < span class = "hljs-string" > " /ping" < / span > })
< span class = "hljs-comment" > ; {:status 200, :body " " }< / span >
(< span class = "hljs-name" > app< / span > {< span class = "hljs-symbol" > :request-method< / span > < span class = "hljs-symbol" > :get< / span > , < span class = "hljs-symbol" > :uri< / span > < span class = "hljs-string" > " /" < / span > })
< span class = "hljs-comment" > ; {:status 404, :body " kosh" }< / span >
(< span class = "hljs-name" > app< / span > {< span class = "hljs-symbol" > :request-method< / span > < span class = "hljs-symbol" > :post< / span > , < span class = "hljs-symbol" > :uri< / span > < span class = "hljs-string" > " /ping" < / span > })
< span class = "hljs-comment" > ; {:status 405, :body " kosh" }< / span >
(< span class = "hljs-name" > app< / span > {< span class = "hljs-symbol" > :request-method< / span > < span class = "hljs-symbol" > :get< / span > , < span class = "hljs-symbol" > :uri< / span > < span class = "hljs-string" > " /pong" < / span > })
< span class = "hljs-comment" > ; {:status 406, :body " kosh" }< / span >
2017-11-09 16:00:23 +00:00
< / code > < / pre >
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< h1 id = "async-ring" > Async Ring< / h1 >
< p > All built-in middleware provide both 2 and 3-arity and are compiled for both Clojure & ClojureScript, so they work with < a href = "https://www.booleanknot.com/blog/2016/07/15/asynchronous-ring.html" target = "_blank" > Async Ring< / a > and < a href = "https://nodejs.org" target = "_blank" > Node.js< / a > too.< / p >
< / section >
< / div >
< div class = "search-results" >
< div class = "has-results" >
< h1 class = "search-results-title" > < span class = 'search-results-count' > < / span > results matching "< span class = 'search-query' > < / span > "< / h1 >
< ul class = "search-results-list" > < / ul >
< / div >
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< h1 class = "search-results-title" > No results matching "< span class = 'search-query' > < / span > "< / h1 >
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< a href = "./" class = "navigation navigation-prev " aria-label = "Previous page: Ring" >
< i class = "fa fa-angle-left" > < / i >
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< a href = "dynamic_extensions.html" class = "navigation navigation-next " aria-label = "Next page: Dynamic Extensions" >
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