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< li class = "header" > Introduction< / li >
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Introduction
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< li class = "header" > Basics< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "2.1" data-path = "../basics/route_syntax.html" >
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Route Syntax
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Router
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Path-based Routing
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Name-based Routing
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Route Data
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Route Data Validation
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Route Conflicts
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< li class = "header" > Coercion< / li >
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Coercion Explained
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< a href = "../coercion/schema_coercion.html" >
Plumatic Schema
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Clojure.spec
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Data-specs
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< li class = "header" > Ring< / li >
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< a href = "ring.html" >
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Ring-router
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< / li >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.2" data-path = "reverse_routing.html" >
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< a href = "reverse_routing.html" >
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Reverse-routing
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.3" data-path = "default_handler.html" >
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< a href = "default_handler.html" >
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Default handler
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< / a >
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Slash handler
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Static Resources
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< a href = "dynamic_extensions.html" >
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Dynamic Extensions
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.7" data-path = "data_driven_middleware.html" >
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< a href = "data_driven_middleware.html" >
Data-driven Middleware
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.8" data-path = "transforming_middleware_chain.html" >
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< a href = "transforming_middleware_chain.html" >
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Transforming Middleware Chain
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< / a >
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< / li >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.9" data-path = "middleware_registry.html" >
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< a href = "middleware_registry.html" >
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Middleware Registry
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< a href = "default_middleware.html" >
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Default Middleware
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< a href = "coercion.html" >
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Pluggable Coercion
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< a href = "route_data_validation.html" >
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Route Data Validation
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< / li >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.13" data-path = "compiling_middleware.html" >
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< a href = "compiling_middleware.html" >
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Compiling Middleware
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Swagger Support
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.1" data-path = "../http/interceptors.html" >
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< a href = "../http/interceptors.html" >
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Interceptors
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< a href = "../http/pedestal.html" >
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Pedestal
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< a href = "../http/sieppari.html" >
Sieppari
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.4" data-path = "../http/default_interceptors.html" >
< a href = "../http/default_interceptors.html" >
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Default Interceptors
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< / a >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.5" data-path = "../http/transforming_interceptor_chain.html" >
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Transforming Interceptor Chain
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< li class = "header" > Frontend< / li >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.1" data-path = "../frontend/basics.html" >
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Basics
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Browser integration
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Controllers
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< li class = "header" > Advanced< / li >
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< a href = "../advanced/configuring_routers.html" >
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Configuring Routers
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< / a >
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< / li >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "7.2" data-path = "../advanced/composing_routers.html" >
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< a href = "../advanced/composing_routers.html" >
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Composing Routers
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< / a >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "7.3" data-path = "../advanced/different_routers.html" >
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< a href = "../advanced/different_routers.html" >
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Different Routers
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< / a >
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< / li >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "7.4" data-path = "../advanced/route_validation.html" >
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< a href = "../advanced/route_validation.html" >
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Route Validation
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "7.5" data-path = "../advanced/dev_workflow.html" >
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< a href = "../advanced/dev_workflow.html" >
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Dev Workflow
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< / li >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "7.6" data-path = "../advanced/shared_routes.html" >
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< a href = "../advanced/shared_routes.html" >
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Shared Routes
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< li class = "header" > Misc< / li >
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Performance
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Development Instructions
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FAQ
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< h1 id = "default-middleware" > Default Middleware< / h1 >
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< pre > < code class = "lang-clj" > [metosin/reitit-middleware < span class = "hljs-string" > " 0.2.13" < / span > ]
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< / code > < / pre >
< p > Any Ring middleware can be used with < code > reitit-ring< / code > , but using data-driven middleware is preferred as they are easier to manage and in many cases, yield better performance. < code > reitit-middleware< / code > contains a set of common ring middleware, lifted into data-driven middleware.< / p >
< ul >
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< li > < a href = "#parameters-handling" > Parameter Handling< / a > < / li >
< li > < a href = "#exception-handling" > Exception Handling< / a > < / li >
< li > < a href = "#content-negotiation" > Content Negotiation< / a > < / li >
< li > < a href = "#multipart-request-handling" > Multipart Request Handling< / a > < / li >
< li > < a href = "#inspecting-requests" > Inspecting Requests< / a > < / li >
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< / ul >
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< h2 id = "parameters-handling" > Parameters Handling< / h2 >
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< p > < code > reitit.ring.middleware.parameters/parameters-middleware< / code > to capture query- and form-params. Wraps
< code > ring.middleware.params/wrap-params< / code > .< / p >
< p > < strong > NOTE< / strong > : will be factored into two parts: a query-parameters middleware and a Muuntaja format responsible for the the < code > application/x-www-form-urlencoded< / code > body format.< / p >
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< h2 id = "exception-handling" > Exception Handling< / h2 >
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< p > A polished version of < a href = "https://github.com/metosin/compojure-api" target = "_blank" > compojure-api< / a > exception handling. Catches all exceptions and invokes configured exception handler.< / p >
< pre > < code class = "lang-clj" > (< span class = "hljs-name" > require< / span > ' [reitit.ring.middleware.exception < span class = "hljs-symbol" > :as< / span > exception])
< / code > < / pre >
< h3 id = "exceptionexception-middleware" > < code > exception/exception-middleware< / code > < / h3 >
< p > A preconfigured middleware using < code > exception/default-handlers< / code > . Catches:< / p >
< ul >
< li > Request & response < a href = "coercion.html" > Coercion< / a > exceptions< / li >
< li > < a href = "https://github.com/metosin/muuntaja" target = "_blank" > Muuntaja< / a > decode exceptions< / li >
< li > Exceptions with < code > :type< / code > of < code > :reitit.ring/response< / code > , returning < code > :response< / code > key from < code > ex-data< / code > .< / li >
< li > Safely all other exceptions< / li >
< / ul >
< pre > < code class = "lang-clj" > (< span class = "hljs-name" > require< / span > ' [reitit.ring < span class = "hljs-symbol" > :as< / span > ring])
(< span class = "hljs-name" > < span class = "hljs-builtin-name" > def< / span > < / span > app
(< span class = "hljs-name" > ring/ring-handler< / span >
(< span class = "hljs-name" > ring/router< / span >
[< span class = "hljs-string" > " /fail" < / span > (< span class = "hljs-name" > < span class = "hljs-builtin-name" > fn< / span > < / span > [_] (< span class = "hljs-name" > < span class = "hljs-builtin-name" > throw< / span > < / span > (< span class = "hljs-name" > Exception.< / span > < span class = "hljs-string" > " fail" < / span > )))]
{< span class = "hljs-symbol" > :data< / span > {< span class = "hljs-symbol" > :middleware< / span > [exception/exception-middleware]}})))
(< span class = "hljs-name" > app< / span > {< span class = "hljs-symbol" > :request-method< / span > < span class = "hljs-symbol" > :get< / span > , < span class = "hljs-symbol" > :uri< / span > < span class = "hljs-string" > " /fail" < / span > })
< span class = "hljs-comment" > ;{:status 500< / span >
< span class = "hljs-comment" > ; :body {:type " exception" < / span >
< span class = "hljs-comment" > ; :class " java.lang.Exception" }}< / span >
< / code > < / pre >
< h3 id = "exceptioncreate-exception-middleware" > < code > exception/create-exception-middleware< / code > < / h3 >
< p > Creates the exception-middleware with custom options. Takes a map of < code > identifier => exception request => response< / code > that is used to select the exception handler for the thown/raised exception identifier. Exception idenfier is either a < code > Keyword< / code > or a Exception Class.< / p >
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< p > The following handlers are available by default:< / p >
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< table >
< thead >
< tr >
< th > key< / th >
< th > description< / th >
< / tr >
< / thead >
< tbody >
< tr >
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< td > < code > :reitit.ring/response< / code > < / td >
< td > value in ex-data key < code > :response< / code > will be returned< / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< td > < code > :muuntaja/decode< / code > < / td >
< td > handle Muuntaja decoding exceptions< / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< td > < code > :reitit.coercion/request-coercion< / code > < / td >
< td > request coercion errors (http 400 response)< / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< td > < code > :reitit.coercion/response-coercion< / code > < / td >
< td > response coercion errors (http 500 response)< / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
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< td > < code > ::exception/default< / code > < / td >
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< td > a default exception handler if nothing else mathced (default < code > exception/default-handler< / code > ).< / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
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< td > < code > ::exception/wrap< / code > < / td >
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< td > a 3-arity handler to wrap the actual handler < code > handler exception request => response< / code > (no default).< / td >
< / tr >
< / tbody >
< / table >
< p > The handler is selected from the options map by exception idenfitifier in the following lookup order:< / p >
< p > 1) < code > :type< / code > of exception ex-data
2) Class of exception
3) < code > :type< / code > ancestors of exception ex-data
4) Super Classes of exception
5) The ::default handler< / p >
< pre > < code class = "lang-clj" > < span class = "hljs-comment" > ;; type hierarchy< / span >
(< span class = "hljs-name" > derive< / span > < span class = "hljs-symbol" > ::error< / span > < span class = "hljs-symbol" > ::exception< / span > )
(< span class = "hljs-name" > derive< / span > < span class = "hljs-symbol" > ::failure< / span > < span class = "hljs-symbol" > ::exception< / span > )
(< span class = "hljs-name" > derive< / span > < span class = "hljs-symbol" > ::horror< / span > < span class = "hljs-symbol" > ::exception< / span > )
(< span class = "hljs-name" > < span class = "hljs-builtin-name" > defn< / span > < / span > handler [message exception request]
{< span class = "hljs-symbol" > :status< / span > < span class = "hljs-number" > 500< / span >
< span class = "hljs-symbol" > :body< / span > {< span class = "hljs-symbol" > :message< / span > message
< span class = "hljs-symbol" > :exception< / span > (< span class = "hljs-name" > .getClass< / span > exception)
< span class = "hljs-symbol" > :data< / span > (< span class = "hljs-name" > ex-data< / span > exception)
< span class = "hljs-symbol" > :uri< / span > (< span class = "hljs-symbol" > :uri< / span > request)}})
(< span class = "hljs-name" > < span class = "hljs-builtin-name" > def< / span > < / span > exception-middleware
(< span class = "hljs-name" > exception/create-exception-middleware< / span >
(< span class = "hljs-name" > < span class = "hljs-builtin-name" > merge< / span > < / span >
exception/default-handlers
{< span class = "hljs-comment" > ;; ex-data with :type ::error< / span >
< span class = "hljs-symbol" > ::error< / span > (< span class = "hljs-name" > < span class = "hljs-builtin-name" > partial< / span > < / span > handler < span class = "hljs-string" > " error" < / span > )
< span class = "hljs-comment" > ;; ex-data with ::exception or ::failure< / span >
< span class = "hljs-symbol" > ::exception< / span > (< span class = "hljs-name" > < span class = "hljs-builtin-name" > partial< / span > < / span > handler < span class = "hljs-string" > " exception" < / span > )
< span class = "hljs-comment" > ;; SQLException and all it' s child classes< / span >
java.sql.SQLException (< span class = "hljs-name" > < span class = "hljs-builtin-name" > partial< / span > < / span > handler < span class = "hljs-string" > " sql-exception" < / span > )
< span class = "hljs-comment" > ;; override the default handler< / span >
< span class = "hljs-symbol" > ::exception/default< / span > (< span class = "hljs-name" > < span class = "hljs-builtin-name" > partial< / span > < / span > handler < span class = "hljs-string" > " default" < / span > )
< span class = "hljs-comment" > ;; print stack-traces for all exceptions< / span >
< span class = "hljs-symbol" > ::exception/wrap< / span > (< span class = "hljs-name" > < span class = "hljs-builtin-name" > fn< / span > < / span > [handler e request]
(< span class = "hljs-name" > println< / span > < span class = "hljs-string" > " ERROR" < / span > (< span class = "hljs-name" > pr-str< / span > (< span class = "hljs-symbol" > :uri< / span > request)))
(< span class = "hljs-name" > handler< / span > e request))})))
(< span class = "hljs-name" > < span class = "hljs-builtin-name" > def< / span > < / span > app
(< span class = "hljs-name" > ring/ring-handler< / span >
(< span class = "hljs-name" > ring/router< / span >
[< span class = "hljs-string" > " /fail" < / span > (< span class = "hljs-name" > < span class = "hljs-builtin-name" > fn< / span > < / span > [_] (< span class = "hljs-name" > < span class = "hljs-builtin-name" > throw< / span > < / span > (< span class = "hljs-name" > ex-info< / span > < span class = "hljs-string" > " fail" < / span > {< span class = "hljs-symbol" > :type< / span > < span class = "hljs-symbol" > ::failue< / span > })))]
{< span class = "hljs-symbol" > :data< / span > {< span class = "hljs-symbol" > :middleware< / span > [exception-middleware]}})))
(< span class = "hljs-name" > app< / span > {< span class = "hljs-symbol" > :request-method< / span > < span class = "hljs-symbol" > :get< / span > , < span class = "hljs-symbol" > :uri< / span > < span class = "hljs-string" > " /fail" < / span > })
< span class = "hljs-comment" > ; ERROR " /fail" < / span >
< span class = "hljs-comment" > ; => {:status 500,< / span >
< span class = "hljs-comment" > ; :body {:message " default" < / span >
< span class = "hljs-comment" > ; :exception clojure.lang.ExceptionInfo< / span >
< span class = "hljs-comment" > ; :data {:type :user/failue}< / span >
< span class = "hljs-comment" > ; :uri " /fail" }}< / span >
< / code > < / pre >
< h2 id = "content-negotiation" > Content Negotiation< / h2 >
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< p > Wrapper for < a href = "https://github.com/metosin/muuntaja" target = "_blank" > Muuntaja< / a > middleware for content-negotiation, request decoding and response encoding. Takes explicit configuration via < code > :muuntaja< / code > key in route data. Emit' s < a href = "swagger.html" > swagger< / a > < code > :produces< / code > and < code > :consumes< / code > definitions automatically based on the Muuntaja configuration.< / p >
< p > Negotiates a request body based on < code > Content-Type< / code > header and response body based on < code > Accept< / code > , < code > Accept-Charset< / code > headers. Publishes the negotiation results as < code > :muuntaja/request< / code > and < code > :muuntaja/response< / code > keys into the request.< / p >
< p > Decodes the request body into < code > :body-params< / code > using the < code > :muuntaja/request< / code > key in request if the < code > :body-params< / code > doesn' t already exist.< / p >
< p > Encodes the response body using the < code > :muuntaja/response< / code > key in request if the response doesn' t have < code > Content-Type< / code > header already set.< / p >
< p > Expected route data:< / p >
< table >
< thead >
< tr >
< th > key< / th >
< th > description< / th >
< / tr >
< / thead >
< tbody >
< tr >
< td > < code > :muuntaja< / code > < / td >
< td > < code > muuntaja.core/Muuntaja< / code > instance, does not mount if not set.< / td >
< / tr >
< / tbody >
< / table >
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< pre > < code class = "lang-clj" > (< span class = "hljs-name" > require< / span > ' [reitit.ring.middleware.muuntaja < span class = "hljs-symbol" > :as< / span > muuntaja])
< / code > < / pre >
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< ul >
< li > < code > muuntaja/format-middleware< / code > - Negotiation, request decoding and response encoding in a single Middleware< / li >
< li > < code > muuntaja/format-negotiate-middleware< / code > - Negotiation< / li >
< li > < code > muuntaja/format-request-middleware< / code > - Request decoding< / li >
< li > < code > muuntaja/format-response-middleware< / code > - Response encoding< / li >
< / ul >
< pre > < code class = "lang-clj" > (< span class = "hljs-name" > require< / span > ' [reitit.ring < span class = "hljs-symbol" > :as< / span > ring])
(< span class = "hljs-name" > require< / span > ' [reitit.ring.coercion < span class = "hljs-symbol" > :as< / span > rrc])
(< span class = "hljs-name" > require< / span > ' [reitit.coercion.spec < span class = "hljs-symbol" > :as< / span > rcs])
(< span class = "hljs-name" > require< / span > ' [ring.adapter.jetty < span class = "hljs-symbol" > :as< / span > jetty])
(< span class = "hljs-name" > < span class = "hljs-builtin-name" > def< / span > < / span > app
(< span class = "hljs-name" > ring/ring-handler< / span >
(< span class = "hljs-name" > ring/router< / span >
[[< span class = "hljs-string" > " /math" < / span >
{< span class = "hljs-symbol" > :post< / span > {< span class = "hljs-symbol" > :summary< / span > < span class = "hljs-string" > " negotiated request & response (json, edn, transit)" < / span >
< span class = "hljs-symbol" > :parameters< / span > {< span class = "hljs-symbol" > :body< / span > {< span class = "hljs-symbol" > :x< / span > int?, < span class = "hljs-symbol" > :y< / span > int?}}
< span class = "hljs-symbol" > :responses< / span > {< span class = "hljs-number" > 200< / span > {< span class = "hljs-symbol" > :body< / span > {< span class = "hljs-symbol" > :total< / span > int?}}}
< span class = "hljs-symbol" > :handler< / span > (< span class = "hljs-name" > < span class = "hljs-builtin-name" > fn< / span > < / span > [{{{< span class = "hljs-symbol" > :keys< / span > [x y]} < span class = "hljs-symbol" > :body< / span > } < span class = "hljs-symbol" > :parameters< / span > }]
{< span class = "hljs-symbol" > :status< / span > < span class = "hljs-number" > 200< / span >
< span class = "hljs-symbol" > :body< / span > {< span class = "hljs-symbol" > :total< / span > (< span class = "hljs-name" > < span class = "hljs-builtin-name" > +< / span > < / span > x y)}})}}]
[< span class = "hljs-string" > " /xml" < / span >
{< span class = "hljs-symbol" > :get< / span > {< span class = "hljs-symbol" > :summary< / span > < span class = "hljs-string" > " forced xml response" < / span >
< span class = "hljs-symbol" > :handler< / span > (< span class = "hljs-name" > < span class = "hljs-builtin-name" > fn< / span > < / span > [_]
{< span class = "hljs-symbol" > :status< / span > < span class = "hljs-number" > 200< / span >
< span class = "hljs-symbol" > :headers< / span > {< span class = "hljs-string" > " Content-Type" < / span > < span class = "hljs-string" > " text/xml" < / span > }
< span class = "hljs-symbol" > :body< / span > < span class = "hljs-string" > " < kikka> kukka< /kikka> " < / span > })}}]]
{< span class = "hljs-symbol" > :data< / span > {< span class = "hljs-symbol" > :muuntaja< / span > m/instance
< span class = "hljs-symbol" > :coercion< / span > rcs/coercion
< span class = "hljs-symbol" > :middleware< / span > [muuntaja/format-middleware
rrc/coerce-exceptions-middleware
rrc/coerce-request-middleware
rrc/coerce-response-middleware]}})))
(< span class = "hljs-name" > jetty/run-jetty< / span > #' app {< span class = "hljs-symbol" > :port< / span > < span class = "hljs-number" > 3000< / span > , < span class = "hljs-symbol" > :join?< / span > < span class = "hljs-literal" > false< / span > })
< / code > < / pre >
< p > Testing with < a href = "https://httpie.org/" target = "_blank" > httpie< / a > :< / p >
< pre > < code class = "lang-bash" > > http POST :3000/math x:=1 y:=2
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Content-Length: 11
Content-Type: application/json; charset=utf-8
Date: Wed, 22 Aug 2018 16:59:54 GMT
Server: Jetty(9.2.21.v20170120)
{
< span class = "hljs-string" > " total" < / span > : 3
}
< / code > < / pre >
< pre > < code class = "lang-bash" > > http :3000/xml
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Content-Length: 20
Content-Type: text/xml
Date: Wed, 22 Aug 2018 16:59:58 GMT
Server: Jetty(9.2.21.v20170120)
< kikka> kukka< /kikka>
< / code > < / pre >
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< h2 id = "multipart-request-handling" > Multipart Request Handling< / h2 >
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< p > Wrapper for < a href = "https://github.com/ring-clojure/ring/blob/master/ring-core/src/ring/middleware/multipart_params.clj" target = "_blank" > Ring Multipart Middleware< / a > . Emits swagger < code > :consumes< / code > definitions automatically.< / p >
< p > Expected route data:< / p >
< table >
< thead >
< tr >
< th > key< / th >
< th > description< / th >
< / tr >
< / thead >
< tbody >
< tr >
< td > < code > [:parameters :multipart]< / code > < / td >
< td > mounts only if defined for a route.< / td >
< / tr >
< / tbody >
< / table >
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< pre > < code class = "lang-clj" > (< span class = "hljs-name" > require< / span > ' [reitit.ring.middleware.multipart < span class = "hljs-symbol" > :as< / span > multipart])
< / code > < / pre >
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< ul >
< li > < code > multipart/multipart-middleware< / code > a preconfigured middleware for multipart handling< / li >
< li > < code > multipart/create-multipart-middleware< / code > to generate with custom configuration< / li >
< / ul >
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< h2 id = "inspecting-requests" > Inspecting Requests< / h2 >
< p > < code > reitit.ring.middleware.dev/print-request-diffs< / code > is a < a href = "transforming_middleware_chain.html" > middleware chain transforming function< / a > . It prints a request diff between each middleware. To use it, add the following router option:< / p >
< pre > < code class = "lang-clj" > :reitit.middleware/transform reitit.ring.middleware.dev/print-request-diffs
< / code > < / pre >
< p > Partial sample output:< / p >
< p > < img src = "../images/ring-request-diff.png" alt = "Opensensors perf test" > < / p >
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< h2 id = "example-app" > Example app< / h2 >
< p > See an example app with the default middleware in action: < a href = "https://github.com/metosin/reitit/blob/master/examples/ring-swagger/src/example/server.clj" target = "_blank" > https://github.com/metosin/reitit/blob/master/examples/ring-swagger/src/example/server.clj< / a > .< / p >
< / section >
< / div >
< div class = "search-results" >
< div class = "has-results" >
< h1 class = "search-results-title" > < span class = 'search-results-count' > < / span > results matching "< span class = 'search-query' > < / span > "< / h1 >
< ul class = "search-results-list" > < / ul >
< / div >
< div class = "no-results" >
< h1 class = "search-results-title" > No results matching "< span class = 'search-query' > < / span > "< / h1 >
< / div >
< / div >
< / div >
< / div >
< / div >
< / div >
< a href = "middleware_registry.html" class = "navigation navigation-prev " aria-label = "Previous page: Middleware Registry" >
< i class = "fa fa-angle-left" > < / i >
< / a >
< a href = "coercion.html" class = "navigation navigation-next " aria-label = "Next page: Pluggable Coercion" >
< i class = "fa fa-angle-right" > < / i >
< / a >
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< / script >
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< script src = "../gitbook/gitbook.js" > < / script >
< script src = "../gitbook/theme.js" > < / script >
< script src = "../gitbook/gitbook-plugin-editlink/plugin.js" > < / script >
< script src = "../gitbook/gitbook-plugin-github/plugin.js" > < / script >
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