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Ring
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Pluggable Coercion
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<!-- Title -->
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<h1>
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<i class="fa fa-circle-o-notch fa-spin"></i>
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<a href=".." >Pluggable Coercion</a>
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</h1>
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</div>
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<section class="normal markdown-section">
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<h1 id="pluggable-coercion">Pluggable Coercion</h1>
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<p>Reitit provides pluggable parameter coercion via <code>reitit.ring.coercion.protocol/Coercion</code> protocol, originally introduced in <a href="https://clojars.org/metosin/compojure-api" target="_blank">compojure-api</a>.</p>
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<p>Reitit ships with the following coercion modules:</p>
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<ul>
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<li><code>reitit.ring.coercion.schema/SchemaCoercion</code> for <a href="https://github.com/plumatic/schema" target="_blank">plumatic schema</a>.</li>
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<li><code>reitit.ring.coercion.spec/SpecCoercion</code> for both <a href="https://clojure.org/about/spec" target="_blank">clojure.spec</a> and <a href="https://github.com/metosin/spec-tools#data-specs" target="_blank">data-specs</a>.</li>
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</ul>
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<h3 id="ring-request-and-response-coercion">Ring request and response coercion</h3>
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<p>To use <code>Coercion</code> with Ring, one needs to do the following:</p>
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<ol>
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<li>Define parameters and responses as data into route data, in format adopted from <a href="https://github.com/metosin/ring-swagger#more-complete-example" target="_blank">ring-swagger</a>:<ul>
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<li><code>:parameters</code> map, with submaps for different parameters: <code>:query</code>, <code>:body</code>, <code>:form</code>, <code>:header</code> and <code>:path</code>. Parameters are defined in the format understood by the <code>Coercion</code>.</li>
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<li><code>:responses</code> map, with response status codes as keys (or <code>:default</code> for "everything else") with maps with <code>:schema</code> and optionally <code>:description</code> as values.</li>
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</ul>
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</li>
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<li>Set a <code>Coercion</code> implementation to route data under <code>:coercion</code></li>
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<li>Mount request & response coercion middleware to the routes (can be done for all routes as the middleware are only mounted to routes which have the parameters &/ responses defined):<ul>
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<li><code>reitit.ring.coercion/gen-wrap-coerce-parameters</code></li>
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<li><code>reitit.ring.coercion/gen-wrap-coerce-response</code></li>
|
||
|
|
</ul>
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
</ol>
|
||
|
|
<p>If the request coercion succeeds, the coerced parameters are injected into request under <code>:parameters</code>.</p>
|
||
|
|
<p>If either request or response coercion fails, an descriptive error is thrown. To turn the exceptions into http responses, one can also mount the <code>reitit.ring.coercion/gen-wrap-coerce-exceptions</code> middleware</p>
|
||
|
|
<h3 id="example-with-schema">Example with Schema</h3>
|
||
|
|
<pre><code class="lang-clj">(<span class="hljs-name">require</span> '[reitit.ring <span class="hljs-symbol">:as</span> ring])
|
||
|
|
(<span class="hljs-name">require</span> '[reitit.ring.coercion <span class="hljs-symbol">:as</span> coercion])
|
||
|
|
(<span class="hljs-name">require</span> '[reitit.ring.coercion.schema <span class="hljs-symbol">:as</span> schema])
|
||
|
|
(<span class="hljs-name">require</span> '[schema.core <span class="hljs-symbol">:as</span> s])
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
(<span class="hljs-name"><span class="hljs-builtin-name">def</span></span> app
|
||
|
|
(<span class="hljs-name">ring/ring-handler</span>
|
||
|
|
(<span class="hljs-name">ring/router</span>
|
||
|
|
[<span class="hljs-string">"/api"</span>
|
||
|
|
[<span class="hljs-string">"/ping"</span> {<span class="hljs-symbol">:parameters</span> {<span class="hljs-symbol">:body</span> {<span class="hljs-symbol">:x</span> s/Int, <span class="hljs-symbol">:y</span> s/Int}}
|
||
|
|
<span class="hljs-symbol">:responses</span> {<span class="hljs-number">200</span> {<span class="hljs-symbol">:schema</span> {<span class="hljs-symbol">:total</span> (<span class="hljs-name">s/constrained</span> s/Int pos?}}}
|
||
|
|
<span class="hljs-symbol">:get</span> {<span class="hljs-symbol">:handler</span> (<span class="hljs-name"><span class="hljs-builtin-name">fn</span></span> [{{{<span class="hljs-symbol">:keys</span> [x y]} <span class="hljs-symbol">:body</span>} <span class="hljs-symbol">:parameters</span>}]
|
||
|
|
{<span class="hljs-symbol">:status</span> <span class="hljs-number">200</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="hljs-symbol">:body</span> {<span class="hljs-symbol">:total</span> (<span class="hljs-name"><span class="hljs-builtin-name">+</span></span> x y)}})}}]]
|
||
|
|
{<span class="hljs-symbol">:data</span> {<span class="hljs-symbol">:middleware</span> [coercion/gen-wrap-coerce-exceptions
|
||
|
|
coercion/gen-wrap-coerce-parameters
|
||
|
|
coercion/gen-wrap-coerce-response]
|
||
|
|
<span class="hljs-symbol">:coercion</span> schema/coercion}})))
|
||
|
|
</code></pre>
|
||
|
|
<p>Valid request:</p>
|
||
|
|
<pre><code class="lang-clj">(<span class="hljs-name">app</span>
|
||
|
|
{<span class="hljs-symbol">:request-method</span> <span class="hljs-symbol">:get</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="hljs-symbol">:uri</span> <span class="hljs-string">"/api/ping"</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="hljs-symbol">:body-params</span> {<span class="hljs-symbol">:x</span> <span class="hljs-number">1</span>, <span class="hljs-symbol">:y</span> <span class="hljs-number">2</span>}})
|
||
|
|
<span class="hljs-comment">; {:status 200</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="hljs-comment">; :body {:total 3}}</span>
|
||
|
|
</code></pre>
|
||
|
|
<p>Invalid request:</p>
|
||
|
|
<pre><code class="lang-clj">(<span class="hljs-name">app</span>
|
||
|
|
{<span class="hljs-symbol">:request-method</span> <span class="hljs-symbol">:get</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="hljs-symbol">:uri</span> <span class="hljs-string">"/api/ping"</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="hljs-symbol">:body-params</span> {<span class="hljs-symbol">:x</span> <span class="hljs-number">1</span>, <span class="hljs-symbol">:y</span> <span class="hljs-string">"2"</span>}})
|
||
|
|
<span class="hljs-comment">; {:status 400,</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="hljs-comment">; :body {:type :reitit.ring.coercion/request-coercion</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="hljs-comment">; :coercion :schema</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="hljs-comment">; :in [:request :body-params]</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="hljs-comment">; :value {:x 1, :y "2"}</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="hljs-comment">; :schema {:x "Int", :y "Int"}</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="hljs-comment">; :errors {:y "(not (integer? \"2\"))"}}}</span>
|
||
|
|
</code></pre>
|
||
|
|
<h3 id="example-with-data-specs">Example with data-specs</h3>
|
||
|
|
<pre><code class="lang-clj">(<span class="hljs-name">require</span> '[reitit.ring <span class="hljs-symbol">:as</span> ring])
|
||
|
|
(<span class="hljs-name">require</span> '[reitit.ring.coercion <span class="hljs-symbol">:as</span> coercion])
|
||
|
|
(<span class="hljs-name">require</span> '[reitit.ring.coercion.spec <span class="hljs-symbol">:as</span> spec])
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
(<span class="hljs-name"><span class="hljs-builtin-name">def</span></span> app
|
||
|
|
(<span class="hljs-name">ring/ring-handler</span>
|
||
|
|
(<span class="hljs-name">ring/router</span>
|
||
|
|
[<span class="hljs-string">"/api"</span>
|
||
|
|
[<span class="hljs-string">"/ping"</span> {<span class="hljs-symbol">:parameters</span> {<span class="hljs-symbol">:body</span> {<span class="hljs-symbol">:x</span> int?, <span class="hljs-symbol">:y</span> int?}}
|
||
|
|
<span class="hljs-symbol">:responses</span> {<span class="hljs-number">200</span> {<span class="hljs-symbol">:schema</span> {<span class="hljs-symbol">:total</span> pos-int?}}}
|
||
|
|
<span class="hljs-symbol">:get</span> {<span class="hljs-symbol">:handler</span> (<span class="hljs-name"><span class="hljs-builtin-name">fn</span></span> [{{{<span class="hljs-symbol">:keys</span> [x y]} <span class="hljs-symbol">:body</span>} <span class="hljs-symbol">:parameters</span>}]
|
||
|
|
{<span class="hljs-symbol">:status</span> <span class="hljs-number">200</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="hljs-symbol">:body</span> {<span class="hljs-symbol">:total</span> (<span class="hljs-name"><span class="hljs-builtin-name">+</span></span> x y)}})}}]]
|
||
|
|
{<span class="hljs-symbol">:data</span> {<span class="hljs-symbol">:middleware</span> [coercion/gen-wrap-coerce-exceptions
|
||
|
|
coercion/gen-wrap-coerce-parameters
|
||
|
|
coercion/gen-wrap-coerce-response]
|
||
|
|
<span class="hljs-symbol">:coercion</span> spec/coercion}})))
|
||
|
|
</code></pre>
|
||
|
|
<p>Valid request:</p>
|
||
|
|
<pre><code class="lang-clj">(<span class="hljs-name">app</span>
|
||
|
|
{<span class="hljs-symbol">:request-method</span> <span class="hljs-symbol">:get</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="hljs-symbol">:uri</span> <span class="hljs-string">"/api/ping"</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="hljs-symbol">:body-params</span> {<span class="hljs-symbol">:x</span> <span class="hljs-number">1</span>, <span class="hljs-symbol">:y</span> <span class="hljs-number">2</span>}})
|
||
|
|
<span class="hljs-comment">; {:status 200</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="hljs-comment">; :body {:total 3}}</span>
|
||
|
|
</code></pre>
|
||
|
|
<p>Invalid request:</p>
|
||
|
|
<pre><code class="lang-clj">(<span class="hljs-name">app</span>
|
||
|
|
{<span class="hljs-symbol">:request-method</span> <span class="hljs-symbol">:get</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="hljs-symbol">:uri</span> <span class="hljs-string">"/api/ping"</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="hljs-symbol">:body-params</span> {<span class="hljs-symbol">:x</span> <span class="hljs-number">1</span>, <span class="hljs-symbol">:y</span> <span class="hljs-string">"2"</span>}})
|
||
|
|
<span class="hljs-comment">; {:status 400,</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="hljs-comment">; :body {:type ::coercion/request-coercion</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="hljs-comment">; :coercion :spec</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="hljs-comment">; :in [:request :body-params]</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="hljs-comment">; :value {:x 1, :y "2"}</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="hljs-comment">; :spec "(spec-tools.core/spec {:spec (clojure.spec.alpha/keys :req-un [:$spec37747/x :$spec37747/y]), :type :map, :keys #{:y :x}, :keys/req #{:y :x}})"</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="hljs-comment">; :problems [{:path [:y]</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="hljs-comment">; :pred "clojure.core/int?"</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="hljs-comment">; :val "2"</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="hljs-comment">; :via [:$spec37747/y]</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="hljs-comment">; :in [:y]}]}}</span>
|
||
|
|
</code></pre>
|
||
|
|
<h3 id="example-with-clojurespec">Example with clojure.spec</h3>
|
||
|
|
<p>Currently, <code>clojure.spec</code> <a href="https://dev.clojure.org/jira/browse/CLJ-2116" target="_blank">doesn't support runtime transformations via conforming</a>, so one needs to wrap all specs with <code>spec-tools.core/spec</code>.</p>
|
||
|
|
<pre><code class="lang-clj">(<span class="hljs-name">require</span> '[reitit.ring <span class="hljs-symbol">:as</span> ring])
|
||
|
|
(<span class="hljs-name">require</span> '[reitit.ring.coercion <span class="hljs-symbol">:as</span> coercion])
|
||
|
|
(<span class="hljs-name">require</span> '[reitit.ring.coercion.spec <span class="hljs-symbol">:as</span> spec])
|
||
|
|
(<span class="hljs-name">require</span> '[clojure.spec.alpha <span class="hljs-symbol">:as</span> s])
|
||
|
|
(<span class="hljs-name">require</span> '[spec-tools.core <span class="hljs-symbol">:as</span> st])
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
(<span class="hljs-name">s/def</span> <span class="hljs-symbol">::x</span> (<span class="hljs-name">st/spec</span> int?))
|
||
|
|
(<span class="hljs-name">s/def</span> <span class="hljs-symbol">::y</span> (<span class="hljs-name">st/spec</span> int?))
|
||
|
|
(<span class="hljs-name">s/def</span> <span class="hljs-symbol">::total</span> int?)
|
||
|
|
(<span class="hljs-name">s/def</span> <span class="hljs-symbol">::request</span> (<span class="hljs-name">s/keys</span> <span class="hljs-symbol">:req-un</span> [<span class="hljs-symbol">::x</span> <span class="hljs-symbol">::y</span>]))
|
||
|
|
(<span class="hljs-name">s/def</span> <span class="hljs-symbol">::response</span> (<span class="hljs-name">s/keys</span> <span class="hljs-symbol">:req-un</span> [<span class="hljs-symbol">::total</span>]))
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
(<span class="hljs-name"><span class="hljs-builtin-name">def</span></span> app
|
||
|
|
(<span class="hljs-name">ring/ring-handler</span>
|
||
|
|
(<span class="hljs-name">ring/router</span>
|
||
|
|
[<span class="hljs-string">"/api"</span>
|
||
|
|
[<span class="hljs-string">"/ping"</span> {<span class="hljs-symbol">:parameters</span> {<span class="hljs-symbol">:body</span> <span class="hljs-symbol">::request</span>}
|
||
|
|
<span class="hljs-symbol">:responses</span> {<span class="hljs-number">200</span> {<span class="hljs-symbol">:schema</span> <span class="hljs-symbol">::response</span>}}
|
||
|
|
<span class="hljs-symbol">:get</span> {<span class="hljs-symbol">:handler</span> (<span class="hljs-name"><span class="hljs-builtin-name">fn</span></span> [{{{<span class="hljs-symbol">:keys</span> [x y]} <span class="hljs-symbol">:body</span>} <span class="hljs-symbol">:parameters</span>}]
|
||
|
|
{<span class="hljs-symbol">:status</span> <span class="hljs-number">200</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="hljs-symbol">:body</span> {<span class="hljs-symbol">:total</span> (<span class="hljs-name"><span class="hljs-builtin-name">+</span></span> x y)}})}}]]
|
||
|
|
{<span class="hljs-symbol">:data</span> {<span class="hljs-symbol">:middleware</span> [coercion/gen-wrap-coerce-exceptions
|
||
|
|
coercion/gen-wrap-coerce-parameters
|
||
|
|
coercion/gen-wrap-coerce-response]
|
||
|
|
<span class="hljs-symbol">:coercion</span> spec/coercion}})))
|
||
|
|
</code></pre>
|
||
|
|
<p>Valid request:</p>
|
||
|
|
<pre><code class="lang-clj">(<span class="hljs-name">app</span>
|
||
|
|
{<span class="hljs-symbol">:request-method</span> <span class="hljs-symbol">:get</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="hljs-symbol">:uri</span> <span class="hljs-string">"/api/ping"</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="hljs-symbol">:body-params</span> {<span class="hljs-symbol">:x</span> <span class="hljs-number">1</span>, <span class="hljs-symbol">:y</span> <span class="hljs-number">2</span>}})
|
||
|
|
<span class="hljs-comment">; {:status 200</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="hljs-comment">; :body {:total 3}}</span>
|
||
|
|
</code></pre>
|
||
|
|
<p>Invalid request:</p>
|
||
|
|
<pre><code class="lang-clj">(<span class="hljs-name">app</span>
|
||
|
|
{<span class="hljs-symbol">:request-method</span> <span class="hljs-symbol">:get</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="hljs-symbol">:uri</span> <span class="hljs-string">"/api/ping"</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="hljs-symbol">:body-params</span> {<span class="hljs-symbol">:x</span> <span class="hljs-number">1</span>, <span class="hljs-symbol">:y</span> <span class="hljs-string">"2"</span>}})
|
||
|
|
<span class="hljs-comment">; {:status 400,</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="hljs-comment">; :body {:type ::coercion/request-coercion</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="hljs-comment">; :coercion :spec</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="hljs-comment">; :in [:request :body-params]</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="hljs-comment">; :value {:x 1, :y "2"}</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="hljs-comment">; :spec "(spec-tools.core/spec {:spec (clojure.spec.alpha/keys :req-un [:reitit.coercion-test/x :reitit.coercion-test/y]), :type :map, :keys #{:y :x}, :keys/req #{:y :x}})"</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="hljs-comment">; :problems [{:path [:y]</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="hljs-comment">; :pred "clojure.core/int?"</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="hljs-comment">; :val "2"</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="hljs-comment">; :via [::request ::y]</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="hljs-comment">; :in [:y]}]}}</span>
|
||
|
|
</code></pre>
|
||
|
|
<h3 id="custom-coercion">Custom coercion</h3>
|
||
|
|
<p>Both Schema and Spec Coercion can be configured via options, see the source code for details.</p>
|
||
|
|
<p>To plug in new validation engine, see the
|
||
|
|
<code>reitit.ring.coercion.protocol/Coercion</code> protocol.</p>
|
||
|
|
<pre><code class="lang-clj">(<span class="hljs-name"><span class="hljs-builtin-name">defprotocol</span></span> Coercion
|
||
|
|
<span class="hljs-string">"Pluggable coercion protocol"</span>
|
||
|
|
(<span class="hljs-name">get-name</span> [this] <span class="hljs-string">"Keyword name for the coercion"</span>)
|
||
|
|
(<span class="hljs-name"><span class="hljs-builtin-name">compile</span></span> [this model name] <span class="hljs-string">"Compiles a coercion model"</span>)
|
||
|
|
(<span class="hljs-name">get-apidocs</span> [this model data] <span class="hljs-string">"???"</span>)
|
||
|
|
(<span class="hljs-name">make-open</span> [this model] <span class="hljs-string">"Returns a new map model which doesn't fail on extra keys"</span>)
|
||
|
|
(<span class="hljs-name">encode-error</span> [this error] <span class="hljs-string">"Converts error in to a serializable format"</span>)
|
||
|
|
(<span class="hljs-name">request-coercer</span> [this type model] <span class="hljs-string">"Returns a `value format => value` request coercion function"</span>)
|
||
|
|
(<span class="hljs-name">response-coercer</span> [this model] <span class="hljs-string">"Returns a `value format => value` response coercion function"</span>))
|
||
|
|
</code></pre>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</section>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</div>
|
||
|
|
<div class="search-results">
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<div class="has-results">
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<h1 class="search-results-title"><span class='search-results-count'></span> results matching "<span class='search-query'></span>"</h1>
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<div class="no-results">
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<h1 class="search-results-title">No results matching "<span class='search-query'></span>"</h1>
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</div>
|
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|
||
|
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</div>
|
||
|
|
</div>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</div>
|
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