diff --git a/modules/reitit-middleware/src/reitit/ring/middleware/exception.clj b/modules/reitit-middleware/src/reitit/ring/middleware/exception.clj
index 895f21ea..f36fc5e9 100644
--- a/modules/reitit-middleware/src/reitit/ring/middleware/exception.clj
+++ b/modules/reitit-middleware/src/reitit/ring/middleware/exception.clj
@@ -2,26 +2,6 @@
   (:require [reitit.coercion :as coercion]
             [reitit.ring :as ring]))
 
-(defn- super-classes [^Class k]
-  (loop [sk (.getSuperclass k), ks []]
-    (if-not (= sk Object)
-      (recur (.getSuperclass sk) (conj ks sk))
-      ks)))
-
-(defn- call-error-handler [default-handler handlers error request]
-  (let [{:keys [type] :as data} (ex-data error)
-        ex-class (class error)
-        error-handler (or (get handlers type)
-                          (get handlers ex-class)
-                          (some
-                            (partial get handlers)
-                            (descendants type))
-                          (some
-                            (partial get handlers)
-                            (super-classes ex-class))
-                          default-handler)]
-    (error-handler error data request)))
-
 (defn default-handler [^Exception e _ _]
   {:status 500
    :body {:type "exception"
@@ -42,6 +22,46 @@
    :headers {"Content-Type" "text/plain"}
    :body (str "Malformed " (pr-str format) " request.")})
 
+(defn- super-classes [^Class k]
+  (loop [sk (.getSuperclass k), ks []]
+    (if-not (= sk Object)
+      (recur (.getSuperclass sk) (conj ks sk))
+      ks)))
+
+(defn- call-error-handler [handlers error request]
+  (let [{:keys [type] :as data} (ex-data error)
+        ex-class (class error)
+        error-handler (or (get handlers type)
+                          (get handlers ex-class)
+                          (some
+                            (partial get handlers)
+                            (descendants type))
+                          (some
+                            (partial get handlers)
+                            (super-classes ex-class))
+                          (get handlers ::default default-handler))]
+    (error-handler error data request)))
+
+(defn- on-exception [e handlers request respond raise]
+  (try
+    (respond (call-error-handler handlers e request))
+    (catch Exception e
+      (raise e))))
+
+(defn- wrap [options]
+  (fn [handler]
+    (fn
+      ([request]
+       (try
+         (handler request)
+         (catch Throwable e
+           (on-exception options e request identity #(throw %)))))
+      ([request respond raise]
+       (try
+         (handler request respond (fn [e] (on-exception options e request respond raise)))
+         (catch Throwable e
+           (on-exception options e request respond raise)))))))
+
 ;;
 ;; public api
 ;;
@@ -53,32 +73,19 @@
    ::coercion/request-coercion (coercion-handler 400)
    ::coercion/response-coercion (coercion-handler 500)})
 
-(defn create-exceptions-middleware
+(def exception-middleware
   "Catches all exceptions and looks up a exception handler:
   1) `:type` of ex-data
   2) Class of Exception
   3) descadents `:type` of ex-data
   4) Super Classes of Exception
   5) The ::default handler"
+  {:name ::exception
+   :wrap (wrap default-options)})
+
+(defn create-exception-middleware
   ([]
-   (create-exceptions-middleware default-options))
+   (create-exception-middleware default-options))
   ([options]
-   (let [default-handler (get options ::default default-handler)
-         on-exception (fn [e request respond raise]
-                        (try
-                          (respond (call-error-handler default-handler options e request))
-                          (catch Exception e
-                            (raise e))))]
-     {:name ::exception
-      :wrap (fn [handler]
-              (fn
-                ([request]
-                 (try
-                   (handler request)
-                   (catch Throwable e
-                     (on-exception e request identity #(throw %)))))
-                ([request respond raise]
-                 (try
-                   (handler request respond (fn [e] (on-exception e request respond raise)))
-                   (catch Throwable e
-                     (on-exception e request respond raise))))))})))
+   {:name ::exception
+    :wrap (wrap options)}))
diff --git a/test/clj/reitit/ring/middleware/exception_test.clj b/test/clj/reitit/ring/middleware/exception_test.clj
index fe7d6733..d4991a4e 100644
--- a/test/clj/reitit/ring/middleware/exception_test.clj
+++ b/test/clj/reitit/ring/middleware/exception_test.clj
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@
                    :parameters {:query {:x int?, :y int?}}
                    :responses {200 {:body {:total pos-int?}}}
                    :handler f}]]
-                {:data {:middleware [(exception/create-exceptions-middleware
+                {:data {:middleware [(exception/create-exception-middleware
                                        (merge
                                          exception/default-options
                                          {::kikka (constantly {:status 200, :body "kikka"})