diff --git a/doc/ring/coercion.md b/doc/ring/coercion.md
index 403f592f..4777b28a 100644
--- a/doc/ring/coercion.md
+++ b/doc/ring/coercion.md
@@ -16,12 +16,12 @@ To use `Coercion` with Ring, one needs to do the following:
   * `:responses` map, with response status codes as keys (or `:default` for "everything else") with maps with `:schema` and optionally `:description` as values.
 2. Set a `Coercion` implementation to route data under `:coercion`
 3. Mount request & response coercion middleware to the routes (can be done for all routes as the middleware are only mounted to routes which have the parameters &/ responses defined):
-  * `reitit.ring.coercion/gen-wrap-coerce-parameters`
-  * `reitit.ring.coercion/gen-wrap-coerce-response`
+  * `reitit.ring.coercion/coerce-request-middleware`
+  * `reitit.ring.coercion/coerce-response-middleware`
 
 If the request coercion succeeds, the coerced parameters are injected into request under `:parameters`.
 
-If either request or response coercion fails, an descriptive error is thrown. To turn the exceptions into http responses, one can also mount the `reitit.ring.coercion/gen-wrap-coerce-exceptions` middleware
+If either request or response coercion fails, an descriptive error is thrown. To turn the exceptions into http responses, one can also mount the `reitit.ring.coercion/coerce-exceptions-middleware` middleware
 
 ### Example with Schema
 
@@ -40,9 +40,9 @@ If either request or response coercion fails, an descriptive error is thrown. To
                         :handler (fn [{{{:keys [x y]} :body} :parameters}]
                                    {:status 200
                                     :body {:total (+ x y)}})}}]]
-      {:data {:middleware [coercion/gen-wrap-coerce-exceptions
-                           coercion/gen-wrap-coerce-parameters
-                           coercion/gen-wrap-coerce-response]
+      {:data {:middleware [coercion/coerce-exceptions-middleware
+                           coercion/coerce-request-middleware
+                           coercion/coerce-response-middleware]
               :coercion schema/coercion}})))
 ```
 
@@ -89,9 +89,9 @@ Invalid request:
                         :handler (fn [{{{:keys [x y]} :body} :parameters}]
                                    {:status 200
                                     :body {:total (+ x y)}})}}]]
-      {:data {:middleware [coercion/gen-wrap-coerce-exceptions
-                           coercion/gen-wrap-coerce-parameters
-                           coercion/gen-wrap-coerce-response]
+      {:data {:middleware [coercion/coerce-exceptions-middleware
+                           coercion/coerce-request-middleware
+                           coercion/coerce-response-middleware]
               :coercion spec/coercion}})))
 ```
 
@@ -152,9 +152,9 @@ Currently, `clojure.spec` [doesn't support runtime transformations via conformin
                         :handler (fn [{{{:keys [x y]} :body} :parameters}]
                                    {:status 200
                                     :body {:total (+ x y)}})}}]]
-      {:data {:middleware [coercion/gen-wrap-coerce-exceptions
-                           coercion/gen-wrap-coerce-parameters
-                           coercion/gen-wrap-coerce-response]
+      {:data {:middleware [coercion/coerce-exceptions-middleware
+                           coercion/coerce-request-middleware
+                           coercion/coerce-response-middleware]
               :coercion spec/coercion}})))
 ```
 
@@ -200,9 +200,9 @@ To plug in new validation engine, see the
 (defprotocol Coercion
   "Pluggable coercion protocol"
   (get-name [this] "Keyword name for the coercion")
-  (compile [this model name] "Compiles a coercion model")
   (get-apidocs [this model data] "???")
-  (make-open [this model] "Returns a new map model which doesn't fail on extra keys")
+  (compile-model [this model name] "Compiles a coercion model")
+  (open-model [this model] "Returns a new map model which doesn't fail on extra keys")
   (encode-error [this error] "Converts error in to a serializable format")
   (request-coercer [this type model] "Returns a `value format => value` request coercion function")
   (response-coercer [this model] "Returns a `value format => value` response coercion function"))
diff --git a/doc/ring/compiling_middleware.md b/doc/ring/compiling_middleware.md
index c522e8e8..11b62b08 100644
--- a/doc/ring/compiling_middleware.md
+++ b/doc/ring/compiling_middleware.md
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ To demonstrate the two approaches, below are response coercion middleware writte
 ```clj
 (require '[reitit.ring.middleware :as middleware])
 
-(def gen-wrap-coerce-response
+(def coerce-response-middleware
   "Middleware for pluggable response coercion.
   Expects a :coercion of type `reitit.coercion.protocol/Coercion`
   and :responses from route data, otherwise does not mount."
diff --git a/examples/just-coercion-with-ring/.gitignore b/examples/just-coercion-with-ring/.gitignore
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..c53038ec
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/just-coercion-with-ring/.gitignore
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+/target
+/classes
+/checkouts
+pom.xml
+pom.xml.asc
+*.jar
+*.class
+/.lein-*
+/.nrepl-port
+.hgignore
+.hg/
diff --git a/examples/just-coercion-with-ring/README.md b/examples/just-coercion-with-ring/README.md
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..f1da29e8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/just-coercion-with-ring/README.md
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+# Just Coercion With Ring
+
+A Sample project showing how to use the reitit coercion with pure ring.
+
+* `Middleware` are turned into normal ring middleware via `reitit.middleware/chain`
+* Endpoint parameters are given to middleware as arguments
+* Coerced parameters are available from `:parameters`
+
+## Usage
+
+```clj
+> lein repl
+
+(require '[example.server :as server])
+
+;; the manually coerced version
+(require '[example.naive :as naive])
+(server/restart naive/app)
+
+;; schema-coercion
+(require '[example.schema :as schema])
+(server/restart schema/app)
+
+;; spec-coercion
+(require '[example.spec :as spec])
+(server/restart spec/app)
+
+;; data-spec-coercion
+(require '[example.dspec :as dspec])
+(server/restart dspec/app)
+```
+
+To test the endpoint:
+
+http://localhost:3000/?x=1&y=20
+
+## License
+
+Copyright © 2017 Metosin Oy
diff --git a/examples/just-coercion-with-ring/project.clj b/examples/just-coercion-with-ring/project.clj
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..11bbb381
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/just-coercion-with-ring/project.clj
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+(defproject just-coercion-with-ring "0.1.0-SNAPSHOT"
+  :description "Reitit coercion with vanilla ring"
+  :dependencies [[org.clojure/clojure "1.9.0-RC2"]
+                 [ring "1.6.3"]
+                 [metosin/muuntaja "0.4.1"]
+                 [metosin/reitit "0.1.0-SNAPSHOT"]])
diff --git a/examples/just-coercion-with-ring/src/example/dspec.clj b/examples/just-coercion-with-ring/src/example/dspec.clj
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..0a52b145
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/just-coercion-with-ring/src/example/dspec.clj
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+(ns example.dspec
+  (:require [reitit.ring.coercion :as coercion]
+            [reitit.ring.coercion.spec :as spec-coercion]
+            [example.server :as server]))
+
+(defn handler [{{{:keys [x y]} :query} :parameters}]
+  {:status 200
+   :body {:result (+ x y)
+          :source :data-spec}})
+
+(def app
+  (-> #'handler
+      (server/wrap-coercion
+        {:parameters {:query {:x int?, :y int?}}
+         :coercion spec-coercion/coercion})))
diff --git a/examples/just-coercion-with-ring/src/example/naive.clj b/examples/just-coercion-with-ring/src/example/naive.clj
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..5fa8569d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/just-coercion-with-ring/src/example/naive.clj
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+(ns example.naive
+  (:require [clojure.spec.alpha :as s]
+            [clojure.walk :as walk]
+            [example.server :as server]))
+
+(s/def ::x int?)
+(s/def ::y int?)
+(s/def ::request (s/keys :req-un [::x ::y]))
+
+(defn ->long [x]
+  (try
+    (Long/parseLong x)
+    (catch Exception _
+      x)))
+
+(defn app [request]
+  (println (:query-params request))
+  (let [{:keys [x y] :as params} (-> (:query-params request)
+                                     (walk/keywordize-keys)
+                                     (update :x ->long)
+                                     (update :y ->long))]
+    (if (s/valid? ::request params)
+      {:status 200
+       :body {:result (+ x y)
+              :source :naive}}
+      {:status 400
+       :body "invalid input"})))
diff --git a/examples/just-coercion-with-ring/src/example/schema.clj b/examples/just-coercion-with-ring/src/example/schema.clj
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..198ecb87
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/just-coercion-with-ring/src/example/schema.clj
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+(ns example.schema
+  (:require [reitit.ring.coercion :as coercion]
+            [reitit.ring.coercion.schema :as schema-coercion]
+            [example.server :as server]))
+
+(defn handler [{{{:keys [x y]} :query} :parameters}]
+  {:status 200
+   :body {:result (+ x y)
+          :source :schema}})
+
+(def app
+  (-> #'handler
+      (server/wrap-coercion
+        {:parameters {:query {:x Long, :y Long}}
+         :coercion schema-coercion/coercion})))
diff --git a/examples/just-coercion-with-ring/src/example/server.clj b/examples/just-coercion-with-ring/src/example/server.clj
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..33b1e029
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/just-coercion-with-ring/src/example/server.clj
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+(ns example.server
+  (:require [ring.adapter.jetty :as jetty]
+            [reitit.ring.middleware :as middleware]
+            [reitit.ring.coercion :as coercion]))
+
+(defonce ^:private server (atom nil))
+
+;; unlift Middleware Record into vanilla Ring middleware
+;; NOTE: to support format-based body coercion, an options map needs
+;; to be set with :extract-request-format and extract-response-format
+(defn wrap-coercion [handler resource]
+  (middleware/chain
+    [coercion/coerce-request-middleware
+     coercion/coerce-response-middleware
+     coercion/coerce-exceptions-middleware]
+    handler
+    resource))
+
+(defn restart [handler]
+  (let [app (-> handler
+                (ring.middleware.params/wrap-params)
+                (muuntaja.middleware/wrap-format))]
+    (swap! server (fn [x]
+                    (when x (.stop x))
+                    (jetty/run-jetty
+                      handler
+                      {:port 3000, :join? false})))
+    (println "server running in port 3000")))
diff --git a/examples/just-coercion-with-ring/src/example/spec.clj b/examples/just-coercion-with-ring/src/example/spec.clj
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..90f5a40c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/just-coercion-with-ring/src/example/spec.clj
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+(ns example.spec
+  (:require [clojure.spec.alpha :as s]
+            [spec-tools.spec :as spec]
+            [reitit.ring.coercion :as coercion]
+            [reitit.ring.coercion.spec :as spec-coercion]
+            [example.server :as server]))
+
+;; wrap into Spec Records to enable runtime conforming
+(s/def ::x spec/int?)
+(s/def ::y spec/int?)
+(s/def ::request (s/keys :req-un [::x ::y]))
+
+;; read coerced parameters under :parameters
+(defn handler [{{{:keys [x y]} :query} :parameters}]
+  {:status 200
+   :body {:result (+ x y)
+          :source :spec}})
+
+(def app
+  (-> #'handler
+      (server/wrap-coercion
+        {:parameters {:query ::request}
+         :coercion spec-coercion/coercion})))
diff --git a/examples/ring-example/.gitignore b/examples/ring-example/.gitignore
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..c53038ec
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/ring-example/.gitignore
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+/target
+/classes
+/checkouts
+pom.xml
+pom.xml.asc
+*.jar
+*.class
+/.lein-*
+/.nrepl-port
+.hgignore
+.hg/
diff --git a/examples/ring-example/README.md b/examples/ring-example/README.md
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..a3811b30
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/ring-example/README.md
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+# Ring example
+
+A Sample project with ring.
+
+## Usage
+
+```clj
+> lein repl
+
+(require '[example.server :as server])
+
+(server/restart)
+```
+
+To test the endpoints using [httpie](https://httpie.org/):
+
+```bash
+# Schema
+http GET :3000/schema/plus x==1 y==20
+http POST :3000/schema/plus x:=1 y:=20
+
+# Data-specs
+http GET :3000/dspec/plus x==1 y==20
+http POST :3000/dspec/plus x:=1 y:=20
+
+# Specs
+http GET :3000/spec/plus x==1 y==20
+http POST :3000/spec/plus x:=1 y:=20
+```
+
+## License
+
+Copyright © 2017 Metosin Oy
diff --git a/examples/ring-example/project.clj b/examples/ring-example/project.clj
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..11bbb381
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/ring-example/project.clj
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+(defproject just-coercion-with-ring "0.1.0-SNAPSHOT"
+  :description "Reitit coercion with vanilla ring"
+  :dependencies [[org.clojure/clojure "1.9.0-RC2"]
+                 [ring "1.6.3"]
+                 [metosin/muuntaja "0.4.1"]
+                 [metosin/reitit "0.1.0-SNAPSHOT"]])
diff --git a/examples/ring-example/src/example/dspec.clj b/examples/ring-example/src/example/dspec.clj
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..7c336214
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/ring-example/src/example/dspec.clj
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+(ns example.dspec
+  (:require [reitit.ring.coercion :as coercion]
+            [reitit.ring.coercion.spec :as spec-coercion]))
+
+(def routes
+  ["/dspec"
+   ["/plus" {:name ::plus
+             :coercion spec-coercion/coercion
+             :responses {200 {:schema {:total int?}}}
+             :get {:summary "plus with query-params"
+                   :parameters {:query {:x int?, :y int?}}
+                   :handler (fn [{{{:keys [x y]} :query} :parameters}]
+                              {:status 200
+                               :body {:total (+ x y)}})}
+             :post {:summary "plus with body-params"
+                    :parameters {:body {:x int?, :y int?}}
+                    :handler (fn [{{{:keys [x y]} :body} :parameters}]
+                               {:status 200
+                                :body {:total (+ x y)}})}}]])
diff --git a/examples/ring-example/src/example/schema.clj b/examples/ring-example/src/example/schema.clj
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..55c3179a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/ring-example/src/example/schema.clj
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+(ns example.schema
+  (:require [schema.core :as s]
+            [reitit.ring.coercion :as coercion]
+            [reitit.ring.coercion.schema :as schema-coercion]))
+
+(def routes
+  ["/schema"
+   ["/plus" {:name ::plus
+             :coercion schema-coercion/coercion
+             :responses {200 {:schema {:total s/Int}}}
+             :get {:summary "plus with query-params"
+                   :parameters {:query {:x s/Int, :y s/Int}}
+                   :handler (fn [{{{:keys [x y]} :query} :parameters}]
+                              {:status 200
+                               :body {:total (+ x y)}})}
+             :post {:summary "plus with body-params"
+                    :parameters {:body {:x s/Int, :y s/Int}}
+                    :handler (fn [{{{:keys [x y]} :body} :parameters}]
+                               {:status 200
+                                :body {:total (+ x y)}})}}]])
diff --git a/examples/ring-example/src/example/server.clj b/examples/ring-example/src/example/server.clj
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..0181c606
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/ring-example/src/example/server.clj
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+(ns example.server
+  (:require [ring.adapter.jetty :as jetty]
+            [ring.middleware.params]
+            [muuntaja.middleware]
+            [reitit.ring :as ring]
+            [reitit.ring.coercion :as coercion]
+            [example.dspec]
+            [example.schema]
+            [example.spec]))
+
+(defonce ^:private server (atom nil))
+
+(def app
+  (ring/ring-handler
+    (ring/router
+      [example.schema/routes
+       example.dspec/routes
+       example.spec/routes]
+      {:data {:middleware [ring.middleware.params/wrap-params
+                           muuntaja.middleware/wrap-format
+                           coercion/coerce-exceptions-middleware
+                           coercion/coerce-request-middleware
+                           coercion/coerce-response-middleware]}})))
+
+(defn restart []
+  (swap! server (fn [x]
+                  (when x (.stop x))
+                  (jetty/run-jetty
+                    app
+                    {:port 3000, :join? false})))
+  (println "server running in port 3000"))
+
+(restart)
diff --git a/examples/ring-example/src/example/spec.clj b/examples/ring-example/src/example/spec.clj
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..e6acc570
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/ring-example/src/example/spec.clj
@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+(ns example.spec
+  (:require [clojure.spec.alpha :as s]
+            [spec-tools.spec :as spec]
+            [reitit.ring.coercion :as coercion]
+            [reitit.ring.coercion.spec :as spec-coercion]))
+
+;; wrap into Spec Records to enable runtime conforming
+(s/def ::x spec/int?)
+(s/def ::y spec/int?)
+(s/def ::total spec/int?)
+
+(def routes
+  ["/spec"
+   ["/plus" {:name ::plus
+             :coercion spec-coercion/coercion
+             :responses {200 {:schema (s/keys :req-un [::total])}}
+             :get {:summary "plus with query-params"
+                   :parameters {:query (s/keys :req-un [::x ::y])}
+                   :handler (fn [{{{:keys [x y]} :query} :parameters}]
+                              {:status 200
+                               :body {:total (+ x y)}})}
+             :post {:summary "plus with body-params"
+                    :parameters {:body (s/keys :req-un [::x ::y])}
+                    :handler (fn [{{{:keys [x y]} :body} :parameters}]
+                               {:status 200
+                                :body {:total (+ x y)}})}}]])
diff --git a/modules/reitit-ring/src/reitit/ring/coercion.cljc b/modules/reitit-ring/src/reitit/ring/coercion.cljc
index 3dda55dc..7ef4a807 100644
--- a/modules/reitit-ring/src/reitit/ring/coercion.cljc
+++ b/modules/reitit-ring/src/reitit/ring/coercion.cljc
@@ -15,16 +15,14 @@
 
 (defrecord ParameterCoercion [in style keywordize? open?])
 
-(def valid-type? #{::request-coercion ::response-coercion})
-
-(def ring-parameter-coercion
+(def ^:no-doc ring-parameter-coercion
   {:query (->ParameterCoercion :query-params :string true true)
    :body (->ParameterCoercion :body-params :body false false)
    :form (->ParameterCoercion :form-params :string true true)
    :header (->ParameterCoercion :header-params :string true true)
    :path (->ParameterCoercion :path-params :string true true)})
 
-(defn request-coercion-failed! [result coercion value in request]
+(defn ^:no-doc request-coercion-failed! [result coercion value in request]
   (throw
     (ex-info
       (str "Request coercion failed: " (pr-str result))
@@ -36,7 +34,7 @@
          :in [:request in]
          :request request}))))
 
-(defn response-coercion-failed! [result coercion value request response]
+(defn ^:no-doc response-coercion-failed! [result coercion value request response]
   (throw
     (ex-info
       (str "Response coercion failed: " (pr-str result))
@@ -50,27 +48,23 @@
          :response response}))))
 
 ;; TODO: support faster key walking, walk/keywordize-keys is quite slow...
-
-(defn request-coercer [coercion type model]
+(defn ^:no-doc request-coercer [coercion type model {:keys [extract-request-format]
+                                                     :or {extract-request-format (constantly nil)}}]
   (if coercion
     (let [{:keys [keywordize? open? in style]} (ring-parameter-coercion type)
           transform (comp (if keywordize? walk/keywordize-keys identity) in)
-          model (if open? (protocol/make-open coercion model) model)
+          model (if open? (protocol/open-model coercion model) model)
           coercer (protocol/request-coercer coercion style model)]
       (fn [request]
         (let [value (transform request)
-              format (some-> request :muuntaja/request :format)
+              format (extract-request-format request)
               result (coercer value format)]
           (if (protocol/error? result)
             (request-coercion-failed! result coercion value in request)
             result))))))
 
-#_(defn muuntaja-response-format [request response]
-    (or (-> response :muuntaja/content-type)
-        (some-> request :muuntaja/response :format)))
-
-(defn response-coercer [coercion model {:keys [extract-response-format]
-                                        :or {extract-response-format (constantly nil)}}]
+(defn ^:no-doc response-coercer [coercion model {:keys [extract-response-format]
+                                                 :or {extract-response-format (constantly nil)}}]
   (if coercion
     (let [coercer (protocol/response-coercer coercion model)]
       (fn [request response]
@@ -81,28 +75,28 @@
             (response-coercion-failed! result coercion value request response)
             result))))))
 
-(defn encode-error [data]
+(defn ^:no-doc encode-error [data]
   (-> data
       (dissoc :request :response)
       (update :coercion protocol/get-name)
       (->> (protocol/encode-error (:coercion data)))))
 
-(defn- coerce-request [coercers request]
+(defn ^:no-doc coerce-request [coercers request]
   (reduce-kv
     (fn [acc k coercer]
       (impl/fast-assoc acc k (coercer request)))
     {}
     coercers))
 
-(defn- coerce-response [coercers request response]
+(defn ^:no-doc coerce-response [coercers request response]
   (if response
     (if-let [coercer (or (coercers (:status response)) (coercers :default))]
       (impl/fast-assoc response :body (coercer request response)))))
 
-(defn ^:no-doc request-coercers [coercion parameters]
+(defn ^:no-doc request-coercers [coercion parameters opts]
   (->> (for [[k v] parameters
              :when v]
-         [k (request-coercer coercion k v)])
+         [k (request-coercer coercion k v opts)])
        (into {})))
 
 (defn ^:no-doc response-coercers [coercion responses opts]
@@ -110,7 +104,7 @@
          [status (response-coercer coercion schema opts)])
        (into {})))
 
-(defn handle-coercion-exception [e respond raise]
+(defn ^:no-doc handle-coercion-exception [e respond raise]
   (let [data (ex-data e)]
     (if-let [status (condp = (:type data)
                       ::request-coercion 400
@@ -125,15 +119,15 @@
 ;; middleware
 ;;
 
-(def gen-wrap-coerce-parameters
+(def coerce-request-middleware
   "Middleware for pluggable request coercion.
   Expects a :coercion of type `reitit.coercion.protocol/Coercion`
   and :parameters from route data, otherwise does not mount."
   (middleware/create
     {:name ::coerce-parameters
-     :gen-wrap (fn [{:keys [coercion parameters]} _]
+     :gen-wrap (fn [{:keys [coercion parameters]} opts]
                  (if (and coercion parameters)
-                   (let [coercers (request-coercers coercion parameters)]
+                   (let [coercers (request-coercers coercion parameters opts)]
                      (fn [handler]
                        (fn
                          ([request]
@@ -143,13 +137,13 @@
                           (let [coerced (coerce-request coercers request)]
                             (handler (impl/fast-assoc request :parameters coerced) respond raise))))))))}))
 
-(def gen-wrap-coerce-response
+(def coerce-response-middleware
   "Middleware for pluggable response coercion.
   Expects a :coercion of type `reitit.coercion.protocol/Coercion`
   and :responses from route data, otherwise does not mount."
   (middleware/create
     {:name ::coerce-response
-     :gen-wrap (fn [{:keys [coercion responses opts]} _]
+     :gen-wrap (fn [{:keys [coercion responses]} opts]
                  (if (and coercion responses)
                    (let [coercers (response-coercers coercion responses opts)]
                      (fn [handler]
@@ -159,7 +153,7 @@
                          ([request respond raise]
                           (handler request #(respond (coerce-response coercers request %)) raise)))))))}))
 
-(def gen-wrap-coerce-exceptions
+(def coerce-exceptions-middleware
   "Middleware for handling coercion exceptions.
   Expects a :coercion of type `reitit.coercion.protocol/Coercion`
   and :parameters or :responses from route data, otherwise does not mount."
diff --git a/modules/reitit-ring/src/reitit/ring/coercion/protocol.cljc b/modules/reitit-ring/src/reitit/ring/coercion/protocol.cljc
index eb8a961f..12838b55 100644
--- a/modules/reitit-ring/src/reitit/ring/coercion/protocol.cljc
+++ b/modules/reitit-ring/src/reitit/ring/coercion/protocol.cljc
@@ -1,12 +1,11 @@
-(ns reitit.ring.coercion.protocol
-  (:refer-clojure :exclude [compile]))
+(ns reitit.ring.coercion.protocol)
 
 (defprotocol Coercion
   "Pluggable coercion protocol"
   (get-name [this] "Keyword name for the coercion")
-  (compile [this model name] "Compiles a coercion model")
   (get-apidocs [this model data] "???")
-  (make-open [this model] "Returns a new map model which doesn't fail on extra keys")
+  (compile-model [this model name] "Compiles a model")
+  (open-model [this model] "Returns a new model which allows extra keys in maps")
   (encode-error [this error] "Converts error in to a serializable format")
   (request-coercer [this type model] "Returns a `value format => value` request coercion function")
   (response-coercer [this model] "Returns a `value format => value` response coercion function"))
diff --git a/modules/reitit-ring/src/reitit/ring/middleware.cljc b/modules/reitit-ring/src/reitit/ring/middleware.cljc
index f76e8045..ffd00217 100644
--- a/modules/reitit-ring/src/reitit/ring/middleware.cljc
+++ b/modules/reitit-ring/src/reitit/ring/middleware.cljc
@@ -101,3 +101,11 @@
                :result
                :handler))
     {::router router}))
+
+(defn chain
+  "Creates a vanilla ring middleware chain out of sequence of
+  IntoMiddleware thingies."
+  ([middleware handler data]
+    (chain middleware handler data nil))
+  ([middleware handler data opts]
+   (compile-handler (expand middleware data opts) handler)))
diff --git a/modules/reitit-schema/src/reitit/ring/coercion/schema.cljc b/modules/reitit-schema/src/reitit/ring/coercion/schema.cljc
index aebddea1..f514fc47 100644
--- a/modules/reitit-schema/src/reitit/ring/coercion/schema.cljc
+++ b/modules/reitit-schema/src/reitit/ring/coercion/schema.cljc
@@ -38,15 +38,14 @@
   protocol/Coercion
   (get-name [_] name)
 
-  (compile [_ model _]
-    model)
-
   (get-apidocs [_ _ {:keys [parameters responses] :as info}]
     (cond-> (dissoc info :parameters :responses)
             parameters (assoc ::swagger/parameters parameters)
             responses (assoc ::swagger/responses responses)))
 
-  (make-open [_ schema] (st/open-schema schema))
+  (compile-model [_ model _] model)
+
+  (open-model [_ schema] (st/open-schema schema))
 
   (encode-error [_ error]
     (-> error
diff --git a/modules/reitit-spec/src/reitit/ring/coercion/spec.cljc b/modules/reitit-spec/src/reitit/ring/coercion/spec.cljc
index cd2aba4f..90dd3f2d 100644
--- a/modules/reitit-spec/src/reitit/ring/coercion/spec.cljc
+++ b/modules/reitit-spec/src/reitit/ring/coercion/spec.cljc
@@ -46,10 +46,6 @@
   (into-spec [this _]
     (st/create-spec {:spec this})))
 
-;; TODO: proper name!
-(def memoized-into-spec
-  (memoize #(into-spec %1 (gensym "spec"))))
-
 (defn stringify-pred [pred]
   (str (if (seq? pred) (seq pred) pred)))
 
@@ -61,33 +57,33 @@
   protocol/Coercion
   (get-name [_] name)
 
-  (compile [_ model _]
-    (memoized-into-spec model))
-
-  (get-apidocs [_ _ {:keys [parameters responses] :as info}]
+  (get-apidocs [this _ {:keys [parameters responses] :as info}]
     (cond-> (dissoc info :parameters :responses)
             parameters (assoc
                          ::swagger/parameters
                          (into
                            (empty parameters)
                            (for [[k v] parameters]
-                             [k memoized-into-spec])))
+                             [k (protocol/compile-model this v nil)])))
             responses (assoc
                         ::swagger/responses
                         (into
                           (empty responses)
                           (for [[k response] responses]
-                            [k (update response :schema memoized-into-spec)])))))
+                            [k (update response :schema #(protocol/compile-model this % nil))])))))
 
-  (make-open [_ spec] spec)
+  (compile-model [_ model _]
+    (into-spec model (or name (gensym "spec"))))
+
+  (open-model [_ spec] spec)
 
   (encode-error [_ error]
     (-> error
         (update :spec (comp str s/form))
         (update :problems (partial mapv #(update % :pred stringify-pred)))))
 
-  (request-coercer [_ type spec]
-    (let [spec (memoized-into-spec spec)
+  (request-coercer [this type spec]
+    (let [spec (protocol/compile-model this spec nil)
           {:keys [formats default]} (conforming type)]
       (fn [value format]
         (if-let [conforming (or (get formats format) default)]
diff --git a/perf-test/clj/reitit/coercion_perf_test.clj b/perf-test/clj/reitit/coercion_perf_test.clj
index fcce9741..e664f1f0 100644
--- a/perf-test/clj/reitit/coercion_perf_test.clj
+++ b/perf-test/clj/reitit/coercion_perf_test.clj
@@ -87,9 +87,9 @@
 (defrecord NoOpCoercion []
   protocol/Coercion
   (get-name [_] :no-op)
-  (compile [_ model _] model)
   (get-apidocs [_ _ {:keys [parameters responses] :as info}])
-  (make-open [_ spec] spec)
+  (compile-model [_ model _] model)
+  (open-model [_ spec] spec)
   (encode-error [_ error] error)
   (request-coercer [_ type spec] (fn [value format] value))
   (response-coercer [this spec] (protocol/request-coercer this :response spec)))
@@ -107,24 +107,24 @@
           app (ring/ring-handler
                 (ring/router
                   routes
-                  {:data {:middleware [coercion/wrap-coerce-parameters]
+                  {:data {:middleware [coercion/coerce-request-middleware]
                           :coercion coercion}}))
           app2 (ring/ring-handler
                  (ring/router
                    routes
-                   {:data {:middleware [coercion/gen-wrap-coerce-parameters]
+                   {:data {:middleware [coercion/coerce-request-middleware]
                            :coercion coercion}}))
           app3 (ring/ring-handler
                  (ring/router
                    routes
-                   {:data {:middleware [coercion/wrap-coerce-parameters
+                   {:data {:middleware [coercion/coerce-request-middleware
                                         coercion/wrap-coerce-response]
                            :coercion coercion}}))
           app4 (ring/ring-handler
                  (ring/router
                    routes
-                   {:data {:middleware [coercion/gen-wrap-coerce-parameters
-                                        coercion/gen-wrap-coerce-response]
+                   {:data {:middleware [coercion/coerce-request-middleware
+                                        coercion/coerce-response-middleware]
                            :coercion coercion}}))
           req {:request-method :get
                :uri "/api/ping"
@@ -138,17 +138,17 @@
       ;;   175ns (-19%)
       ;;   360ns (-64%)
       ;;  4080ns (-30%)
-      (bench! "gen-wrap-coerce-parameters" (app2 req))
+      (bench! "coerce-request-middleware" (app2 req))
 
       ;;   300ns
       ;;  1740ns
       ;;  9400ns
-      (bench! "wrap-coerce-parameters & responses" (app3 req))
+      (bench! "wrap-coerce-request & responses" (app3 req))
 
       ;;  175ns (-42%)
       ;;  384ns (-78%)
       ;; 6100ns (-35%)
-      (bench! "gen-wrap-coerce-parameters & responses" (app4 req)))))
+      (bench! "coerce-request-middleware & responses" (app4 req)))))
 
 (comment
   (do
@@ -161,8 +161,8 @@
                      :get {:handler (fn [{{{:keys [x y]} :body} :parameters}]
                                       {:status 200
                                        :body {:total (+ x y)}})}}]]
-          {:data {:middleware [coercion/gen-wrap-coerce-parameters
-                               coercion/gen-wrap-coerce-response]
+          {:data {:middleware [coercion/coerce-request-middleware
+                               coercion/coerce-response-middleware]
                   :coercion spec/coercion}})))
 
     (app
@@ -205,8 +205,8 @@
                                             (let [body (-> request :parameters :body)]
                                               {:status 200, :body {:result (+ (:x body) (:y body))}}))}}]
                 {:data {:middleware [[mm/wrap-format m]
-                                     coercion/gen-wrap-coerce-parameters
-                                     coercion/gen-wrap-coerce-response]
+                                     coercion/coerce-request-middleware
+                                     coercion/coerce-response-middleware]
                         :coercion schema/coercion}}))
         request {:request-method :post
                  :uri "/plus"
@@ -228,8 +228,8 @@
                                  :handler (fn [request]
                                             (let [body (-> request :parameters :body)]
                                               {:status 200, :body {:result (+ (:x body) (:y body))}}))}}]
-                {:data {:middleware [coercion/gen-wrap-coerce-parameters
-                                     coercion/gen-wrap-coerce-response]
+                {:data {:middleware [coercion/coerce-request-middleware
+                                     coercion/coerce-response-middleware]
                         :coercion schema/coercion}}))
         request {:request-method :post
                  :uri "/plus"
@@ -251,8 +251,8 @@
                                  :handler (fn [request]
                                             (let [body (-> request :parameters :body)]
                                               {:status 200, :body {:result (+ (:x body) (:y body))}}))}}]
-                {:data {:middleware [coercion/gen-wrap-coerce-parameters
-                                     coercion/gen-wrap-coerce-response]
+                {:data {:middleware [coercion/coerce-request-middleware
+                                     coercion/coerce-response-middleware]
                         :coercion spec/coercion}}))
         request {:request-method :post
                  :uri "/plus"
@@ -279,8 +279,8 @@
                                  :handler (fn [request]
                                             (let [body (-> request :parameters :body)]
                                               {:status 200, :body {:result (+ (:x body) (:y body))}}))}}]
-                {:data {:middleware [coercion/gen-wrap-coerce-parameters
-                                     coercion/gen-wrap-coerce-response]
+                {:data {:middleware [coercion/coerce-request-middleware
+                                     coercion/coerce-response-middleware]
                         :coercion spec/coercion}}))
         request {:request-method :post
                  :uri "/plus"
diff --git a/project.clj b/project.clj
index e12d6f36..81402f3a 100644
--- a/project.clj
+++ b/project.clj
@@ -45,6 +45,7 @@
                                   [expound "0.3.2"]
                                   [orchestra "2017.08.13"]
 
+                                  [ring "1.6.3"]
                                   [metosin/muuntaja "0.4.1"]
                                   [metosin/jsonista "0.1.0-SNAPSHOT"]
 
diff --git a/test/cljc/reitit/coercion_test.cljc b/test/cljc/reitit/coercion_test.cljc
index c9d5ec71..fcd7c8ae 100644
--- a/test/cljc/reitit/coercion_test.cljc
+++ b/test/cljc/reitit/coercion_test.cljc
@@ -53,8 +53,8 @@
                              :coercion spec/coercion}})))]
 
     (testing "withut exception handling"
-      (let [app (create [coercion/gen-wrap-coerce-parameters
-                         coercion/gen-wrap-coerce-response])]
+      (let [app (create [coercion/coerce-request-middleware
+                         coercion/coerce-response-middleware])]
 
         (testing "all good"
           (is (= {:status 200
@@ -74,9 +74,9 @@
                 (app invalid-request2))))))
 
     (testing "with exception handling"
-      (let [app (create [coercion/gen-wrap-coerce-exceptions
-                         coercion/gen-wrap-coerce-parameters
-                         coercion/gen-wrap-coerce-response])]
+      (let [app (create [coercion/coerce-exceptions-middleware
+                         coercion/coerce-request-middleware
+                         coercion/coerce-response-middleware])]
 
         (testing "all good"
           (is (= {:status 200
@@ -108,8 +108,8 @@
                              :coercion schema/coercion}})))]
 
     (testing "withut exception handling"
-      (let [app (create [coercion/gen-wrap-coerce-parameters
-                         coercion/gen-wrap-coerce-response])]
+      (let [app (create [coercion/coerce-request-middleware
+                         coercion/coerce-response-middleware])]
 
         (testing "all good"
           (is (= {:status 200
@@ -129,9 +129,9 @@
                 (app invalid-request2))))
 
         (testing "with exception handling"
-          (let [app (create [coercion/gen-wrap-coerce-exceptions
-                             coercion/gen-wrap-coerce-parameters
-                             coercion/gen-wrap-coerce-response])]
+          (let [app (create [coercion/coerce-exceptions-middleware
+                             coercion/coerce-request-middleware
+                             coercion/coerce-response-middleware])]
 
             (testing "all good"
               (is (= {:status 200
diff --git a/test/cljc/reitit/middleware_test.cljc b/test/cljc/reitit/middleware_test.cljc
index 3a66de61..9fc40a4a 100644
--- a/test/cljc/reitit/middleware_test.cljc
+++ b/test/cljc/reitit/middleware_test.cljc
@@ -170,3 +170,20 @@
                                       :middleware
                                       (map :name))))))))))
 
+(deftest chain-test
+  (testing "chain can produce middlware chain of any IntoMiddleware"
+    (let [mw (fn [handler value]
+               #(conj (handler (conj % value)) value))
+          handler #(conj % :ok)
+          mw1 {:gen-wrap (constantly #(mw % ::mw1))}
+          mw2 {:gen-wrap (constantly nil)}
+          mw3 {:wrap #(mw % ::mw3)}
+          mw4 #(mw % ::mw4)
+          mw5 {:gen-wrap (fn [{:keys [mount?]} _]
+                           (when mount?
+                             #(mw % ::mw5)))}
+          chain1 (middleware/chain [mw1 mw2 mw3 mw4 mw5] handler {:mount? true})
+          chain2 (middleware/chain [mw1 mw2 mw3 mw4 mw5] handler {:mount? false})]
+      (is (= [::mw1 ::mw3 ::mw4 ::mw5 :ok ::mw5 ::mw4 ::mw3 ::mw1] (chain1 [])))
+      (is (= [::mw1 ::mw3 ::mw4 :ok ::mw4 ::mw3 ::mw1] (chain2 []))))))
+