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<h1 id="route-data-validation">Route Data Validation</h1>
<p>Route data can be anything, so it&apos;s easy to do go wrong. Accidentally adding a <code>:role</code> key instead of <code>:roles</code> might hinder the whole routing app without any authorization in place.</p>
<p>To fail fast, we could use the custom <code>:coerce</code> and <code>:compile</code> hooks to apply data validation and throw exceptions on first sighted problem.</p>
<p>But there is a better way. Router has a <code>:validation</code> hook to validate the whole route tree after it&apos;s successfuly compiled. It expects a 2-arity function <code>routes opts =&gt; ()</code> that can side-effect in case of validation errors.</p>
<h2 id="clojurespec">clojure.spec</h2>
<p>Namespace <code>reitit.spec</code> contains specs for main parts of <code>reitit.core</code> and a helper function <code>validate-spec!</code> that runs spec validation for all route data and throws an exception if any errors are found.</p>
<p>A Router with invalid route data:</p>
<pre><code class="lang-clj">(<span class="hljs-name">require</span> &apos;[reitit.core <span class="hljs-symbol">:as</span> r])
(<span class="hljs-name">r/router</span>
[<span class="hljs-string">&quot;/api&quot;</span> {<span class="hljs-symbol">:handler</span> <span class="hljs-string">&quot;identity&quot;</span>}])
<span class="hljs-comment">; #object[reitit.core$...]</span>
</code></pre>
<p>Fails fast with <code>clojure.spec</code> validation turned on:</p>
<pre><code class="lang-clj">(<span class="hljs-name">require</span> &apos;[reitit.spec <span class="hljs-symbol">:as</span> rs])
(<span class="hljs-name">r/router</span>
[<span class="hljs-string">&quot;/api&quot;</span> {<span class="hljs-symbol">:handler</span> <span class="hljs-string">&quot;identity&quot;</span>}]
{<span class="hljs-symbol">:validate</span> rs/validate-spec!})
<span class="hljs-comment">; CompilerException clojure.lang.ExceptionInfo: Invalid route data:</span>
<span class="hljs-comment">;</span>
<span class="hljs-comment">; -- On route -----------------------</span>
<span class="hljs-comment">;</span>
<span class="hljs-comment">; &quot;/api&quot;</span>
<span class="hljs-comment">;</span>
<span class="hljs-comment">; In: [:handler] val: &quot;identity&quot; fails spec: :reitit.spec/handler at: [:handler] predicate: fn?</span>
<span class="hljs-comment">;</span>
<span class="hljs-comment">; {:problems (#reitit.spec.Problem{:path &quot;/api&quot;, :scope nil, :data {:handler &quot;identity&quot;}, :spec :reitit.spec/default-data, :problems #:clojure.spec.alpha{:problems ({:path [:handler], :pred clojure.core/fn?, :val &quot;identity&quot;, :via [:reitit.spec/default-data :reitit.spec/handler], :in [:handler]}), :spec :reitit.spec/default-data, :value {:handler &quot;identity&quot;}}})}, compiling: ...</span>
</code></pre>
<h3 id="customizing-spec-validation">Customizing spec validation</h3>
<p><code>rs/validate-spec!</code> reads the following router options:</p>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>key</th>
<th>description</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><code>:spec</code></td>
<td>the spec to verify the route data (default <code>::rs/default-data</code>)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>::rs/explain</code></td>
<td>custom explain function (default <code>clojure.spec.alpha/explain-str</code>)</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p><strong>NOTE</strong>: <code>clojure.spec</code> implicitly validates all values with fully-qualified keys if specs exist with the same name.</p>
<p>Below is an example of using <a href="https://github.com/bhb/expound" target="_blank">expound</a> to pretty-print route data problems.</p>
<pre><code class="lang-clj">(<span class="hljs-name">require</span> &apos;[clojure.spec.alpha <span class="hljs-symbol">:as</span> s])
(<span class="hljs-name">require</span> &apos;[expound.alpha <span class="hljs-symbol">:as</span> e])
(<span class="hljs-name">s/def</span> <span class="hljs-symbol">::role</span> #{<span class="hljs-symbol">:admin</span> <span class="hljs-symbol">:manager</span>})
(<span class="hljs-name">s/def</span> <span class="hljs-symbol">::roles</span> (<span class="hljs-name">s/coll-of</span> <span class="hljs-symbol">::role</span> <span class="hljs-symbol">:into</span> #{}))
(<span class="hljs-name">r/router</span>
[<span class="hljs-string">&quot;/api&quot;</span> {<span class="hljs-symbol">:handler</span> identity
<span class="hljs-symbol">::roles</span> #{<span class="hljs-symbol">:adminz</span>}}]
{<span class="hljs-symbol">::rs/explain</span> e/expound-str
<span class="hljs-symbol">:validate</span> rs/validate-spec!})
<span class="hljs-comment">; CompilerException clojure.lang.ExceptionInfo: Invalid route data:</span>
<span class="hljs-comment">;</span>
<span class="hljs-comment">; -- On route -----------------------</span>
<span class="hljs-comment">;</span>
<span class="hljs-comment">; &quot;/api&quot;</span>
<span class="hljs-comment">;</span>
<span class="hljs-comment">; -- Spec failed --------------------</span>
<span class="hljs-comment">;</span>
<span class="hljs-comment">; {:handler ..., :user/roles #{:adminz}}</span>
<span class="hljs-comment">; ^^^^^^^</span>
<span class="hljs-comment">;</span>
<span class="hljs-comment">; should be one of: `:admin`,`:manager`</span>
<span class="hljs-comment">;</span>
<span class="hljs-comment">; -- Relevant specs -------</span>
<span class="hljs-comment">;</span>
<span class="hljs-comment">; :user/role:</span>
<span class="hljs-comment">; #{:admin :manager}</span>
<span class="hljs-comment">; :user/roles:</span>
<span class="hljs-comment">; (clojure.spec.alpha/coll-of :user/role :into #{})</span>
<span class="hljs-comment">; :reitit.spec/default-data:</span>
<span class="hljs-comment">; (clojure.spec.alpha/keys</span>
<span class="hljs-comment">; :opt-un</span>
<span class="hljs-comment">; [:reitit.spec/name :reitit.spec/handler])</span>
<span class="hljs-comment">;</span>
<span class="hljs-comment">; -------------------------</span>
<span class="hljs-comment">; Detected 1 error</span>
<span class="hljs-comment">;</span>
<span class="hljs-comment">; {:problems (#reitit.spec.Problem{:path &quot;/api&quot;, :scope nil, :data {:handler #object[clojure.core$identity 0x15b59b0e &quot;clojure.core$identity@15b59b0e&quot;], :user/roles #{:adminz}}, :spec :reitit.spec/default-data, :problems #:clojure.spec.alpha{:problems ({:path [:user/roles], :pred #{:admin :manager}, :val :adminz, :via [:reitit.spec/default-data :user/roles :user/role], :in [:user/roles 0]}), :spec :reitit.spec/default-data, :value {:handler #object[clojure.core$identity 0x15b59b0e &quot;clojure.core$identity@15b59b0e&quot;], :user/roles #{:adminz}}}})}, compiling: ...</span>
</code></pre>
<p>Explicitly requiring a <code>::roles</code> key in a route data:</p>
<pre><code class="lang-clj">(<span class="hljs-name">r/router</span>
[<span class="hljs-string">&quot;/api&quot;</span> {<span class="hljs-symbol">:handler</span> identity}]
{<span class="hljs-symbol">:spec</span> (<span class="hljs-name">s/merge</span> (<span class="hljs-name">s/keys</span> <span class="hljs-symbol">:req</span> [<span class="hljs-symbol">::roles</span>]) <span class="hljs-symbol">::rs/default-data</span>)
<span class="hljs-symbol">::rs/explain</span> e/expound-str
<span class="hljs-symbol">:validate</span> rs/validate-spec!})
<span class="hljs-comment">; CompilerException clojure.lang.ExceptionInfo: Invalid route data:</span>
<span class="hljs-comment">;</span>
<span class="hljs-comment">; -- On route -----------------------</span>
<span class="hljs-comment">;</span>
<span class="hljs-comment">; &quot;/api&quot;</span>
<span class="hljs-comment">;</span>
<span class="hljs-comment">; -- Spec failed --------------------</span>
<span class="hljs-comment">;</span>
<span class="hljs-comment">; {:handler</span>
<span class="hljs-comment">; #object[clojure.core$identity 0x15b59b0e &quot;clojure.core$identity@15b59b0e&quot;]}</span>
<span class="hljs-comment">;</span>
<span class="hljs-comment">; should contain key: `:user/roles`</span>
<span class="hljs-comment">;</span>
<span class="hljs-comment">; | key | spec |</span>
<span class="hljs-comment">; |-------------+----------------------------------------|</span>
<span class="hljs-comment">; | :user/roles | (coll-of #{:admin :manager} :into #{}) |</span>
<span class="hljs-comment">;</span>
<span class="hljs-comment">;</span>
<span class="hljs-comment">;</span>
<span class="hljs-comment">; -------------------------</span>
<span class="hljs-comment">; Detected 1 error</span>
<span class="hljs-comment">;</span>
<span class="hljs-comment">; {:problems (#reitit.spec.Problem{:path &quot;/api&quot;, :scope nil, :data {:handler #object[clojure.core$identity 0x15b59b0e &quot;clojure.core$identity@15b59b0e&quot;]}, :spec #object[clojure.spec.alpha$merge_spec_impl$reify__2124 0x7461744b &quot;clojure.spec.alpha$merge_spec_impl$reify__2124@7461744b&quot;], :problems #:clojure.spec.alpha{:problems ({:path [], :pred (clojure.core/fn [%] (clojure.core/contains? % :user/roles)), :val {:handler #object[clojure.core$identity 0x15b59b0e &quot;clojure.core$identity@15b59b0e&quot;]}, :via [], :in []}), :spec #object[clojure.spec.alpha$merge_spec_impl$reify__2124 0x7461744b &quot;clojure.spec.alpha$merge_spec_impl$reify__2124@7461744b&quot;], :value {:handler #object[clojure.core$identity 0x15b59b0e &quot;clojure.core$identity@15b59b0e&quot;]}}})}, compiling:(/Users/tommi/projects/metosin/reitit/test/cljc/reitit/spec_test.cljc:151:1)</span>
</code></pre>
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