diff --git a/src/clj/com/rpl/specter.clj b/src/clj/com/rpl/specter.clj
index e7dbd94..06fceed 100644
--- a/src/clj/com/rpl/specter.clj
+++ b/src/clj/com/rpl/specter.clj
@@ -13,10 +13,10 @@
 
 (defn compiled-select
   "Version of select that takes in a selector pre-compiled with comp-paths"
-  [^com.rpl.specter.impl.StructureValsPathFunctions selfns structure]
-  ((.selector selfns) [] structure
-   (fn [vals structure]
-     (if-not (empty? vals) [(conj vals structure)] [structure]))))
+  [^com.rpl.specter.impl.TransformFunctions tfns structure]
+  (let [^com.rpl.specter.impl.ExecutorFunctions ex (.executors tfns)]
+    ((.select-executor ex) (.selector tfns) structure)
+    ))
 
 (defn select
   "Navigates to and returns a sequence of all the elements specified by the selector."
@@ -65,13 +65,10 @@
 
 (defn compiled-update
   "Version of update that takes in a selector pre-compiled with comp-paths"
-  [^com.rpl.specter.impl.StructureValsPathFunctions selfns update-fn structure]
-  ((.updater selfns) [] structure
-   (fn [vals structure]
-     (if (empty? vals)
-       (update-fn structure)
-       (apply update-fn (conj vals structure)))
-     )))
+  [^com.rpl.specter.impl.TransformFunctions tfns update-fn structure]
+  (let [^com.rpl.specter.impl.ExecutorFunctions ex (.executors tfns)]
+    ((.update-executor ex) (.updater tfns) update-fn structure)
+    ))
 
 (defn update
   "Navigates to each value specified by the selector and replaces it by the result of running
@@ -162,10 +159,11 @@
 
 (extend-type clojure.lang.Keyword
   StructurePath
-  (select* [kw structure next-fn]
-    (key-select kw structure next-fn))
-  (update* [kw structure next-fn]
-    (key-update kw structure next-fn)
+  ;; faster to invoke keyword directly on structure rather than reuse key-select and key-update functions
+  (select* [^clojure.lang.Keyword kw structure next-fn]
+    (next-fn (kw structure)))
+  (update* [^clojure.lang.Keyword kw structure next-fn]
+    (assoc structure kw (next-fn (kw structure)))
     ))
 
 (extend-type clojure.lang.AFn
diff --git a/src/clj/com/rpl/specter/impl.clj b/src/clj/com/rpl/specter/impl.clj
index 7fcffde..a604d6c 100644
--- a/src/clj/com/rpl/specter/impl.clj
+++ b/src/clj/com/rpl/specter/impl.clj
@@ -15,9 +15,36 @@
    (dotimes [_ iters]
      (afn))))
 
-(deftype StructureValsPathFunctions [selector updater])
+(deftype ExecutorFunctions [type select-executor update-executor])
 
-(defprotocol CoerceStructureValsPathFunctions
+(def StructureValsPathExecutor
+  (->ExecutorFunctions
+    :svalspath
+    (fn [selector structure]
+      (selector [] structure
+        (fn [vals structure]
+          (if-not (empty? vals) [(conj vals structure)] [structure]))))
+    (fn [updater update-fn structure]
+      (updater [] structure
+        (fn [vals structure]
+          (if (empty? vals)
+            (update-fn structure)
+            (apply update-fn (conj vals structure))))))
+    ))
+
+(def StructurePathExecutor
+  (->ExecutorFunctions
+    :spath
+    (fn [selector structure]
+      (selector structure (fn [structure] [structure])))
+    (fn [updater update-fn structure]
+      (updater structure update-fn))
+    ))
+
+(deftype TransformFunctions [executors selector updater])
+
+
+(defprotocol CoerceTransformFunctions
   (coerce-path [this]))
 
 (defn no-prot-error-str [obj]
@@ -38,7 +65,8 @@
   (let [pimpl (find-protocol-impl! StructureValsPath this)
         selector (:select-full* pimpl)
         updater (:update-full* pimpl)]
-    (->StructureValsPathFunctions
+    (->TransformFunctions
+      StructureValsPathExecutor
       (fn [vals structure next-fn]
         (selector this vals structure next-fn))
       (fn [vals structure next-fn]
@@ -53,13 +81,14 @@
         afn (fn [vals structure next-fn]
               (next-fn (conj vals (cfn this structure)) structure)
               )]
-    (->StructureValsPathFunctions afn afn)))
+    (->TransformFunctions StructureValsPathExecutor afn afn)))
 
 (defn coerce-structure-path [this]
   (let [pimpl (find-protocol-impl! StructurePath this)
         selector (:select* pimpl)
         updater (:update* pimpl)]
-    (->StructureValsPathFunctions
+    (->TransformFunctions
+      StructureValsPathExecutor
       (fn [vals structure next-fn]
         (selector this structure (fn [structure] (next-fn vals structure))))
       (fn [vals structure next-fn]
@@ -69,9 +98,9 @@
 (defn obj-extends? [prot obj]
   (->> obj (find-protocol-impl prot) nil? not))
 
-(extend-protocol CoerceStructureValsPathFunctions
+(extend-protocol CoerceTransformFunctions
 
-  StructureValsPathFunctions
+  TransformFunctions
   (coerce-path [this]
     this)
 
@@ -94,12 +123,20 @@
     (coerce-path sp))
   java.util.List
   (comp-paths* [structure-paths]
-    (reduce (fn [^StructureValsPathFunctions sp-curr ^StructureValsPathFunctions sp]
+    ;;TODO: need to get smart here
+    ;;   - select/update become stupid and just run execute-select / execute-update
+    ;; - coerce-path doesn't go all the way to structurevalspath interface but actually keeps things as is
+    ;;     (except for collector)
+    ;; - compose together consecutive structurepaths and consecutive structurevalspath
+    ;; - if only one structurepath remaining, return that
+    ;;    - otherwise coerce structurepath to structurevalspath and finish combining
+    (reduce (fn [^TransformFunctions sp-curr ^TransformFunctions sp]
               (let [curr-selector (.selector sp-curr)
                     selector (.selector sp)
                     curr-updater (.updater sp-curr)
                     updater (.updater sp)]
-                (->StructureValsPathFunctions
+                (->TransformFunctions
+                  StructureValsPathExecutor
                   (fn [vals structure next-fn]
                     (curr-selector vals structure
                               (fn [vals-next structure-next]
@@ -295,7 +332,6 @@
               ancestry))))
 
 (deftype KeyPath [akey])
-  
 
 (extend-protocol StructurePath
   KeyPath