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< li class = "header" > Introduction< / li >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "1.1" data-path = "../" >
< a href = "../" >
Introduction
< / a >
< / li >
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< li class = "header" > Basics< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "2.1" data-path = "../basics/route_syntax.html" >
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< a href = "../basics/route_syntax.html" >
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Route Syntax
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< / a >
< / li >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "2.2" data-path = "../basics/router.html" >
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< a href = "../basics/router.html" >
Router
< / a >
< / li >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "2.3" data-path = "../basics/path_based_routing.html" >
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< a href = "../basics/path_based_routing.html" >
Path-based Routing
< / a >
< / li >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "2.4" data-path = "../basics/name_based_routing.html" >
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< a href = "../basics/name_based_routing.html" >
Name-based Routing
< / a >
< / li >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "2.5" data-path = "../basics/route_data.html" >
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< a href = "../basics/route_data.html" >
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Route Data
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< / a >
< / li >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "2.6" data-path = "../basics/route_data_validation.html" >
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< a href = "../basics/route_data_validation.html" >
Route Data Validation
< / a >
< / li >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "2.7" data-path = "../basics/route_conflicts.html" >
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< a href = "../basics/route_conflicts.html" >
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Route Conflicts
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< / a >
< / li >
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< li class = "header" > Coercion< / li >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.1" data-path = "../coercion/coercion.html" >
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< a href = "../coercion/coercion.html" >
Coercion Explained
< / a >
< / li >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.2" data-path = "../coercion/schema_coercion.html" >
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< a href = "../coercion/schema_coercion.html" >
Plumatic Schema
< / a >
< / li >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.3" data-path = "../coercion/clojure_spec_coercion.html" >
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< a href = "../coercion/clojure_spec_coercion.html" >
Clojure.spec
< / a >
< / li >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.4" data-path = "../coercion/data_spec_coercion.html" >
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< a href = "../coercion/data_spec_coercion.html" >
Data-specs
< / a >
< / li >
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< li class = "header" > Ring< / li >
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< li class = "chapter active" data-level = "4.1" data-path = "ring.html" >
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< a href = "ring.html" >
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Ring-router
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< / a >
< / li >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.2" data-path = "reverse_routing.html" >
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< a href = "reverse_routing.html" >
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Reverse-routing
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< / a >
< / li >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.3" data-path = "default_handler.html" >
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< a href = "default_handler.html" >
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Default handler
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< / a >
< / li >
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Slash handler
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< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.5" data-path = "static.html" >
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< a href = "static.html" >
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Static Resources
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< / li >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.6" data-path = "dynamic_extensions.html" >
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< a href = "dynamic_extensions.html" >
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Dynamic Extensions
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< / li >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.7" data-path = "data_driven_middleware.html" >
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< a href = "data_driven_middleware.html" >
Data-driven Middleware
< / a >
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< / li >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.8" data-path = "transforming_middleware_chain.html" >
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< a href = "transforming_middleware_chain.html" >
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Transforming Middleware Chain
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< / a >
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< / li >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.9" data-path = "middleware_registry.html" >
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< a href = "middleware_registry.html" >
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Middleware Registry
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< / a >
< / li >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.10" data-path = "default_middleware.html" >
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< a href = "default_middleware.html" >
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Default Middleware
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< / a >
< / li >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.11" data-path = "coercion.html" >
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< a href = "coercion.html" >
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Ring Coercion
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< / a >
< / li >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.12" data-path = "route_data_validation.html" >
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< a href = "route_data_validation.html" >
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Route Data Validation
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< / a >
< / li >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.13" data-path = "compiling_middleware.html" >
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< a href = "compiling_middleware.html" >
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Compiling Middleware
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< / a >
< / li >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.14" data-path = "swagger.html" >
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< a href = "swagger.html" >
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Swagger Support
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< / a >
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< / li >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.15" data-path = "RESTful_form_methods.html" >
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< a href = "RESTful_form_methods.html" >
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RESTful form methods
< / a >
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< / li >
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< li class = "header" > HTTP< / li >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.1" data-path = "../http/interceptors.html" >
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< a href = "../http/interceptors.html" >
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Interceptors
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< / a >
< / li >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.2" data-path = "../http/pedestal.html" >
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< a href = "../http/pedestal.html" >
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Pedestal
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< / a >
< / li >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.3" data-path = "../http/sieppari.html" >
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< a href = "../http/sieppari.html" >
Sieppari
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.4" data-path = "../http/default_interceptors.html" >
< a href = "../http/default_interceptors.html" >
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Default Interceptors
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< / a >
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< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.5" data-path = "../http/transforming_interceptor_chain.html" >
< a href = "../http/transforming_interceptor_chain.html" >
Transforming Interceptor Chain
< / a >
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< / li >
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< li class = "header" > Frontend< / li >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.1" data-path = "../frontend/basics.html" >
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< a href = "../frontend/basics.html" >
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Basics
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.2" data-path = "../frontend/browser.html" >
< a href = "../frontend/browser.html" >
Browser integration
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.3" data-path = "../frontend/controllers.html" >
< a href = "../frontend/controllers.html" >
Controllers
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< / a >
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< / li >
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< li class = "header" > Advanced< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "7.1" data-path = "../advanced/configuring_routers.html" >
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< a href = "../advanced/configuring_routers.html" >
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Configuring Routers
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< / a >
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< / li >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "7.2" data-path = "../advanced/composing_routers.html" >
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< a href = "../advanced/composing_routers.html" >
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Composing Routers
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< / a >
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< / li >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "7.3" data-path = "../advanced/different_routers.html" >
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< a href = "../advanced/different_routers.html" >
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Different Routers
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< / a >
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< / li >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "7.4" data-path = "../advanced/route_validation.html" >
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< a href = "../advanced/route_validation.html" >
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Route Validation
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< / a >
< / li >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "7.5" data-path = "../advanced/dev_workflow.html" >
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< a href = "../advanced/dev_workflow.html" >
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Dev Workflow
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< / a >
< / li >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "7.6" data-path = "../advanced/shared_routes.html" >
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< a href = "../advanced/shared_routes.html" >
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Shared Routes
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< / a >
< / li >
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< li class = "header" > Misc< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "8.1" data-path = "../performance.html" >
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< a href = "../performance.html" >
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Performance
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< / a >
< / li >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "8.2" data-path = "../development.html" >
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< a href = "../development.html" >
Development Instructions
< / a >
< / li >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "8.3" data-path = "../faq.html" >
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< a href = "../faq.html" >
FAQ
< / a >
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Published with GitBook
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<!-- Title -->
< h1 >
< i class = "fa fa-circle-o-notch fa-spin" > < / i >
< a href = ".." > Ring-router< / a >
< / h1 >
< / div >
< div class = "page-wrapper" tabindex = "-1" role = "main" >
< div class = "page-inner" >
< div id = "book-search-results" >
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< section class = "normal markdown-section" >
< h1 id = "ring-router" > Ring Router< / h1 >
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< p > < a href = "https://github.com/ring-clojure/ring" target = "_blank" > Ring< / a > is a Clojure web applications library inspired by Python' s WSGI and Ruby' s Rack. By abstracting the details of HTTP into a simple, unified API, Ring allows web applications to be constructed of modular components that can be shared among a variety of applications, web servers, and web frameworks.< / p >
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< p > Read more about the < a href = "https://github.com/ring-clojure/ring/wiki/Concepts" target = "_blank" > Ring Concepts< / a > .< / p >
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< pre > < code class = "lang-clj" > [metosin/reitit-ring < span class = "hljs-string" > " 0.3.1" < / span > ]
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< / code > < / pre >
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< h2 id = "reititringring-router" > < code > reitit.ring/ring-router< / code > < / h2 >
< p > < code > ring-router< / code > is a higher order router, which adds support for < code > :request-method< / code > based routing, < a href = "https://github.com/ring-clojure/ring/wiki/Concepts#handlers" target = "_blank" > handlers< / a > and < a href = "https://github.com/ring-clojure/ring/wiki/Concepts#middleware" target = "_blank" > middleware< / a > .< / p >
< p > It accepts the following options:< / p >
< table >
< thead >
< tr >
< th > key< / th >
< th > description< / th >
< / tr >
< / thead >
< tbody >
< tr >
< td > < code > :reitit.middleware/transform< / code > < / td >
< td > Function of < code > [Middleware] => [Middleware]< / code > to transform the expanded Middleware (default: identity).< / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< td > < code > :reitit.middleware/registry< / code > < / td >
< td > Map of < code > keyword => IntoMiddleware< / code > to replace keyword references into Middleware< / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< td > < code > :reitit.ring/default-options-handler< / code > < / td >
< td > Default handler for < code > :options< / code > method in endpoints (default: default-options-handler)< / td >
< / tr >
< / tbody >
< / table >
< p > Example router:< / p >
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< pre > < code class = "lang-clj" > (< span class = "hljs-name" > require< / span > ' [reitit.ring < span class = "hljs-symbol" > :as< / span > ring])
(< span class = "hljs-name" > < span class = "hljs-builtin-name" > defn< / span > < / span > handler [_]
{< span class = "hljs-symbol" > :status< / span > < span class = "hljs-number" > 200< / span > , < span class = "hljs-symbol" > :body< / span > < span class = "hljs-string" > " ok" < / span > })
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(< span class = "hljs-name" > < span class = "hljs-builtin-name" > def< / span > < / span > router
(< span class = "hljs-name" > ring/router< / span >
[< span class = "hljs-string" > " /ping" < / span > {< span class = "hljs-symbol" > :get< / span > handler}]))
< / code > < / pre >
< p > Match contains < code > :result< / code > compiled by the < code > ring-router< / code > :< / p >
< pre > < code class = "lang-clj" > (< span class = "hljs-name" > require< / span > ' [reitit.core < span class = "hljs-symbol" > :as< / span > r])
(< span class = "hljs-name" > r/match-by-path< / span > router < span class = "hljs-string" > " /ping" < / span > )
< span class = "hljs-comment" > ;#Match{:template " /ping" < / span >
< span class = "hljs-comment" > ; :data {:get {:handler #object[...]}}< / span >
< span class = "hljs-comment" > ; :result #Methods{:get #Endpoint{...}< / span >
< span class = "hljs-comment" > ; :options #Endpoint{...}}< / span >
< span class = "hljs-comment" > ; :path-params {}< / span >
< span class = "hljs-comment" > ; :path " /ping" }< / span >
< / code > < / pre >
< h2 id = "reititringring-handler" > < code > reitit.ring/ring-handler< / code > < / h2 >
< p > Given a < code > ring-router< / code > , optional default-handler & options, < code > ring-handler< / code > function will return a valid ring handler supporting both synchronous and < a href = "https://www.booleanknot.com/blog/2016/07/15/asynchronous-ring.html" target = "_blank" > asynchronous< / a > request handling. The following options are available:< / p >
< table >
< thead >
< tr >
< th > key< / th >
< th > description< / th >
< / tr >
< / thead >
< tbody >
< tr >
< td > < code > :middleware< / code > < / td >
< td > Optional sequence of middleware that wrap the ring-handler" < / td >
< / tr >
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< tr >
< td > < code > :inject-match?< / code > < / td >
< td > Boolean to inject < code > match< / code > into request under < code > :reitit.core/match< / code > key (default true)< / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< td > < code > :inject-router?< / code > < / td >
< td > Boolean to inject < code > router< / code > into request under < code > :reitit.core/router< / code > key (default true)< / td >
< / tr >
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< / tbody >
< / table >
< p > Simple Ring app:< / p >
< pre > < code class = "lang-clj" > (< span class = "hljs-name" > < span class = "hljs-builtin-name" > def< / span > < / span > app (< span class = "hljs-name" > ring/ring-handler< / span > router))
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< / code > < / pre >
< p > Applying the handler:< / p >
< pre > < code class = "lang-clj" > (< span class = "hljs-name" > app< / span > {< span class = "hljs-symbol" > :request-method< / span > < span class = "hljs-symbol" > :get< / span > , < span class = "hljs-symbol" > :uri< / span > < span class = "hljs-string" > " /favicon.ico" < / span > })
< span class = "hljs-comment" > ; nil< / span >
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< / code > < / pre >
< pre > < code class = "lang-clj" > (< span class = "hljs-name" > app< / span > {< span class = "hljs-symbol" > :request-method< / span > < span class = "hljs-symbol" > :get< / span > , < span class = "hljs-symbol" > :uri< / span > < span class = "hljs-string" > " /ping" < / span > })
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< span class = "hljs-comment" > ; {:status 200, :body " ok" }< / span >
< / code > < / pre >
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< p > The router can be accessed via < code > get-router< / code > :< / p >
< pre > < code class = "lang-clj" > (< span class = "hljs-name" > < span class = "hljs-builtin-name" > -> < / span > < / span > app (< span class = "hljs-name" > ring/get-router< / span > ) (< span class = "hljs-name" > r/compiled-routes< / span > ))
< span class = "hljs-comment" > ;[[" /ping" < / span >
< span class = "hljs-comment" > ; {:handler #object[...]}< / span >
< span class = "hljs-comment" > ; #Methods{:get #Endpoint{:data {:handler #object[...]}< / span >
< span class = "hljs-comment" > ; :handler #object[...]< / span >
< span class = "hljs-comment" > ; :middleware []}< / span >
< span class = "hljs-comment" > ; :options #Endpoint{:data {:handler #object[...]}< / span >
< span class = "hljs-comment" > ; :handler #object[...]< / span >
< span class = "hljs-comment" > ; :middleware []}}]]< / span >
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< / code > < / pre >
< h1 id = "request-method-based-routing" > Request-method based routing< / h1 >
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< p > Handlers can be placed either to the top-level (all methods) or under a specific method (< code > :get< / code > , < code > :head< / code > , < code > :patch< / code > , < code > :delete< / code > , < code > :options< / code > , < code > :post< / code > , < code > :put< / code > or < code > :trace< / code > ). Top-level handler is used if request-method based handler is not found. < / p >
< p > By default, the < code > :options< / code > route is generated for all paths - to enable thing like < a href = "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cross-origin_resource_sharing" target = "_blank" > CORS< / a > .< / p >
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< pre > < code class = "lang-clj" > (< span class = "hljs-name" > < span class = "hljs-builtin-name" > def< / span > < / span > app
(< span class = "hljs-name" > ring/ring-handler< / span >
(< span class = "hljs-name" > ring/router< / span >
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[[< span class = "hljs-string" > " /all" < / span > handler]
[< span class = "hljs-string" > " /ping" < / span > {< span class = "hljs-symbol" > :name< / span > < span class = "hljs-symbol" > ::ping< / span >
< span class = "hljs-symbol" > :get< / span > handler
< span class = "hljs-symbol" > :post< / span > handler}]])))
< / code > < / pre >
< p > Top-level handler catches all methods:< / p >
< pre > < code class = "lang-clj" > (< span class = "hljs-name" > app< / span > {< span class = "hljs-symbol" > :request-method< / span > < span class = "hljs-symbol" > :delete< / span > , < span class = "hljs-symbol" > :uri< / span > < span class = "hljs-string" > " /all" < / span > })
< span class = "hljs-comment" > ; {:status 200, :body " ok" }< / span >
< / code > < / pre >
< p > Method-level handler catches only the method:< / p >
< pre > < code class = "lang-clj" > (< span class = "hljs-name" > app< / span > {< span class = "hljs-symbol" > :request-method< / span > < span class = "hljs-symbol" > :get< / span > , < span class = "hljs-symbol" > :uri< / span > < span class = "hljs-string" > " /ping" < / span > })
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< span class = "hljs-comment" > ; {:status 200, :body " ok" }< / span >
(< span class = "hljs-name" > app< / span > {< span class = "hljs-symbol" > :request-method< / span > < span class = "hljs-symbol" > :put< / span > , < span class = "hljs-symbol" > :uri< / span > < span class = "hljs-string" > " /ping" < / span > })
< span class = "hljs-comment" > ; nil< / span >
< / code > < / pre >
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< p > By default, < code > :options< / code > is also supported (see router options to change this):< / p >
< pre > < code class = "lang-clj" > (< span class = "hljs-name" > app< / span > {< span class = "hljs-symbol" > :request-method< / span > < span class = "hljs-symbol" > :options< / span > , < span class = "hljs-symbol" > :uri< / span > < span class = "hljs-string" > " /ping" < / span > })
< span class = "hljs-comment" > ; {:status 200, :body " " }< / span >
< / code > < / pre >
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< p > Name-based reverse routing:< / p >
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< pre > < code class = "lang-clj" > (< span class = "hljs-name" > < span class = "hljs-builtin-name" > -> < / span > < / span > app
(< span class = "hljs-name" > ring/get-router< / span > )
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(< span class = "hljs-name" > r/match-by-name< / span > < span class = "hljs-symbol" > ::ping< / span > )
(< span class = "hljs-name" > r/match-> path< / span > ))
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< span class = "hljs-comment" > ; " /ping" < / span >
< / code > < / pre >
< h1 id = "middleware" > Middleware< / h1 >
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< p > Middleware can be mounted using a < code > :middleware< / code > key - either to top-level or under request method submap. Its value should be a vector of < code > reitit.middleware/IntoMiddleware< / code > values. These include:< / p >
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< ol >
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< li > normal ring middleware function < code > handler -> request -> response< / code > < / li >
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< li > vector of middleware function < code > [handler args*] -> request -> response< / code > and it' s arguments< / li >
< li > a < a href = "data_driven_middleware.html" > data-driven middleware< / a > record or a map< / li >
< li > a Keyword name, to lookup the middleware from a < a href = "middleware_registry.html" > Middleware Registry< / a > < / li >
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< / ol >
< p > A middleware and a handler:< / p >
< pre > < code class = "lang-clj" > (< span class = "hljs-name" > < span class = "hljs-builtin-name" > defn< / span > < / span > wrap [handler id]
(< span class = "hljs-name" > < span class = "hljs-builtin-name" > fn< / span > < / span > [request]
(< span class = "hljs-name" > handler< / span > (< span class = "hljs-name" > update< / span > request < span class = "hljs-symbol" > ::acc< / span > (< span class = "hljs-name" > fnil< / span > conj []) id))))
(< span class = "hljs-name" > < span class = "hljs-builtin-name" > defn< / span > < / span > handler [{< span class = "hljs-symbol" > :keys< / span > [< span class = "hljs-symbol" > ::acc< / span > ]}]
{< span class = "hljs-symbol" > :status< / span > < span class = "hljs-number" > 200< / span > , < span class = "hljs-symbol" > :body< / span > (< span class = "hljs-name" > < span class = "hljs-builtin-name" > conj< / span > < / span > acc < span class = "hljs-symbol" > :handler< / span > )})
< / code > < / pre >
< p > App with nested middleware:< / p >
< pre > < code class = "lang-clj" > (< span class = "hljs-name" > < span class = "hljs-builtin-name" > def< / span > < / span > app
(< span class = "hljs-name" > ring/ring-handler< / span >
(< span class = "hljs-name" > ring/router< / span >
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< span class = "hljs-comment" > ;; a middleware function< / span >
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[< span class = "hljs-string" > " /api" < / span > {< span class = "hljs-symbol" > :middleware< / span > [#(< span class = "hljs-name" > wrap< / span > % < span class = "hljs-symbol" > :api< / span > )]}
[< span class = "hljs-string" > " /ping" < / span > handler]
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< span class = "hljs-comment" > ;; a middleware vector at top level< / span >
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[< span class = "hljs-string" > " /admin" < / span > {< span class = "hljs-symbol" > :middleware< / span > [[wrap < span class = "hljs-symbol" > :admin< / span > ]]}
[< span class = "hljs-string" > " /db" < / span > {< span class = "hljs-symbol" > :middleware< / span > [[wrap < span class = "hljs-symbol" > :db< / span > ]]
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< span class = "hljs-comment" > ;; a middleware vector at under a method< / span >
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< span class = "hljs-symbol" > :delete< / span > {< span class = "hljs-symbol" > :middleware< / span > [[wrap < span class = "hljs-symbol" > :delete< / span > ]]
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< span class = "hljs-symbol" > :handler< / span > handler}}]]])))
< / code > < / pre >
< p > Middleware is applied correctly:< / p >
< pre > < code class = "lang-clj" > (< span class = "hljs-name" > app< / span > {< span class = "hljs-symbol" > :request-method< / span > < span class = "hljs-symbol" > :delete< / span > , < span class = "hljs-symbol" > :uri< / span > < span class = "hljs-string" > " /api/ping" < / span > })
< span class = "hljs-comment" > ; {:status 200, :body [:api :handler]}< / span >
< / code > < / pre >
< pre > < code class = "lang-clj" > (< span class = "hljs-name" > app< / span > {< span class = "hljs-symbol" > :request-method< / span > < span class = "hljs-symbol" > :delete< / span > , < span class = "hljs-symbol" > :uri< / span > < span class = "hljs-string" > " /api/admin/db" < / span > })
< span class = "hljs-comment" > ; {:status 200, :body [:api :admin :db :delete :handler]}< / span >
< / code > < / pre >
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< p > Top-level middleware, applied before any routing is done:< / p >
< pre > < code class = "lang-clj" > (< span class = "hljs-name" > < span class = "hljs-builtin-name" > def< / span > < / span > app
(< span class = "hljs-name" > ring/ring-handler< / span >
(< span class = "hljs-name" > ring/router< / span >
[< span class = "hljs-string" > " /api" < / span > {< span class = "hljs-symbol" > :middleware< / span > [[mw < span class = "hljs-symbol" > :api< / span > ]]}
[< span class = "hljs-string" > " /get" < / span > {< span class = "hljs-symbol" > :get< / span > handler}]])
< span class = "hljs-literal" > nil< / span >
{< span class = "hljs-symbol" > :middleware< / span > [[mw < span class = "hljs-symbol" > :top< / span > ]]}))
(< span class = "hljs-name" > app< / span > {< span class = "hljs-symbol" > :request-method< / span > < span class = "hljs-symbol" > :get< / span > , < span class = "hljs-symbol" > :uri< / span > < span class = "hljs-string" > " /api/get" < / span > })
< span class = "hljs-comment" > ; {:status 200, :body [:top :api :ok]}< / span >
< / code > < / pre >
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< / section >
< / div >
< div class = "search-results" >
< div class = "has-results" >
< h1 class = "search-results-title" > < span class = 'search-results-count' > < / span > results matching "< span class = 'search-query' > < / span > "< / h1 >
< ul class = "search-results-list" > < / ul >
< / div >
< div class = "no-results" >
< h1 class = "search-results-title" > No results matching "< span class = 'search-query' > < / span > "< / h1 >
< / div >
< / div >
< / div >
< / div >
< / div >
< / div >
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< a href = "../coercion/data_spec_coercion.html" class = "navigation navigation-prev " aria-label = "Previous page: Data-specs" >
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< i class = "fa fa-angle-left" > < / i >
< / a >
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< a href = "reverse_routing.html" class = "navigation navigation-next " aria-label = "Next page: Reverse-routing" >
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< i class = "fa fa-angle-right" > < / i >
< / a >
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