specter-wiki/List-of-Navigators.md
2016-06-11 10:18:59 -04:00

9.5 KiB

List of Navigators with Example(s)

The All Caps Ones

ALL

ALL navigates to every element in a collection. If the collection is a map, it will navigate to each key-value pair [key value]. The resulting elements will be reconstructed as a vector.

=> (select [ALL] [0 1 2 3])
[0 1 2 3]
=> (select [ALL] (list 0 1 2 3))
[0 1 2 3]
=> (select [ALL] {:a :b, :c :d, :e :f})
[[:a :b] [:c :d] [:e :f]]

ATOM

ATOM navigates to the value of an atom.

=> (def a (atom 0))
=> (select-one [ATOM] a)
0
=> (swap! a inc)
=> (select-one [ATOM] a)
1

BEGINNING

BEGINNING navigates to the empty subsequence before the beginning of a collection. Useful with setval to add values onto the beginning of a sequence. Returns a lazy sequence.

=> (setval [BEGINNING] '(0 1) (range 2 7))
(0 1 2 3 4 5 6)
=> (setval [BEGINNING] [0 1] (range 2 7))
(0 1 2 3 4 5 6)
=> (setval [BEGINNING] {0 1} (range 2 7))
([0 1] 2 3 4 5 6)
=> (setval [BEGINNING] {:foo :baz} {:foo :bar})
([:foo :baz] [:foo :bar])

END

END navigates to the empty subsequence after the end of a collection. Useful with setval to add values onto the end of a sequence. Returns a lazy sequence.

=> (setval [END] '(5 6) (range 5))
(0 1 2 3 4 5 6)
=> (setval [END] [5 6] (range 5))
(0 1 2 3 4 5 6)
=> (setval [END] {5 6} (range 5))
(0 1 2 3 4 [5 6])
=> (setval [END] {:foo :baz} {:foo :bar})
([:foo :bar] [:foo :baz])

FIRST

FIRST navigates to the first element of a collection. If the collection is a map, returns the key-value pair [key value]. If the collection is empty, navigation stops.

=> (select-one [FIRST] (range 5))
0
=> (select-one [FIRST] (sorted-map 0 :a 1 :b))
[0 :a]
=> (select-one [FIRST] (sorted-set 0 1 2 3))
0
=> (select-one [FIRST] '())
nil
=> (select [FIRST] '())
nil

LAST

LAST navigates to the last element of a collection. If the collection is a map, returns the key-value pair [key value]. If the collection is empty, navigation stops.

=> (select-one [LAST] (range 5))
4
=> (select-one [LAST] (sorted-map 0 :a 1 :b))
[1 :b]
=> (select-one [LAST] (sorted-set 0 1 2 3))
3
=> (select-one [LAST] '())
nil
=> (select [LAST] '())
nil

MAP-VALS

MAP-VALS navigates to every value in a map. MAP-VALS is more efficient than [ALL LAST]. Note that MAP-VALS returns a lazy seq.

=> (select [MAP-VALS] {:a :b, :c :d})
(:b :d)
=> (select [MAP-VALS MAP-VALS] {:a {:b :c}, :d {:e :f}})
(:c :f)

NIL->LIST

NIL->LIST navigates to the empty list '() if the value is nil. Otherwise it stays at the current value.

=> (select-one [NIL->LIST] nil)
()
=> (select-one [NIL->LIST] :foo)
:foo

NIL->SET

NIL->SET navigates to the empty set #{} if the value is nil. Otherwise it stays at the current value.

=> (select-one [NIL->LIST] nil)
#{}
=> (select-one [NIL->LIST] :foo)
:foo

NIL->VECTOR

NIL->VECTOR navigates to the empty vector [] if the value is nil. Otherwise it stays at the current value.

=> (select-one [NIL->LIST] nil)
[]
=> (select-one [NIL->LIST] :foo)
:foo

STAY

STAY stays in place. It is the no-op navigator.

=> (select-one [STAY] :foo)
:foo

STOP

STOP stops navigation. For selection, returns nil. For transformation, returns the structure unchanged.

=> (select-one [STOP] :foo)
nil
=> (select [ALL STOP] (range 5))
[]
=> (transform [ALL STOP] inc (range 5))
(0 1 2 3 4)

the lower case ones

bind-params*

Binds late binding params. Write this one later.

codewalker

Walks code? Let's do this one later.

collect

(collect & paths)

collect adds the result of running collect with the given path on the current value to the collected vals. Note that collect, like select, returns a vector containing its results. If transform is called, each collected value will be passed in as an argument to the transforming function, with the resulting value as the last argument.

=> (select-one [(collect ALL) FIRST] (range 3))
[[0 1 2] 0]
=> (select [(collect ALL) ALL] (range 3))
[[[0 1 2] 0] [[0 1 2] 1] [[0 1 2] 2]]
=> (select [(collect ALL) (collect ALL) ALL] (range 3))
[[[0 1 2] [0 1 2] 0] [[0 1 2] [0 1 2] 1] [[0 1 2] [0 1 2] 2]]
;; Add the sum of the evens to the first element of the seq
=> (transform [(collect ALL even?) FIRST] 
              (fn [evens first] (reduce + first evens))
              (range 5))
(6 1 2 3 4)
;; Replace the first element of the seq with the entire seq
=> (transform [(collect ALL) FIRST] (fn [all _] all) (range 3))
([0 1 2] 1 2)

collect-one

(collect-one & paths)

collect-one adds the result of running collect with the given path on the current value to the collected vals. Note that collect-one, like select-one, returns a single result. If there is more than one result, an exception will be thrown. If transform is called, each collected value will be passed in as an argument to the transforming function, with the resulting value as the last argument.

=> (select-one [(collect-one FIRST) LAST] (range 5))
[0 4]
=> (select [(collect-one FIRST) ALL] (range 3))
[[0 0] [0 1] [0 2]]
=> (transform [(collect-one :b) :a] + {:a 2, :b 3})
{:a 5, :b 3}
=> (transform [(collect-one :b) (collect-one :c) :a] * {:a 3, :b 5, :c 7})
{:a 105,, :b 5 :c 7}

comp-paths

(comp-paths & path)

Returns a compiled version of the given path for use with compiled-{select/transform/setval/etc.} functions. This can compile navigators (defined with defnav) without their parameters, and the resulting compiled path will require parameters for all such navigators in the order in which they were declared. Provides a speed improvement of about 2-15% over the inline caching introduced with version 0.11.2.

=> (let [my-path (comp-paths :a :b :c)]
     (compiled-select-one my-path {:a {:b {:c 0}}}))
0
=> (let [param-path (comp-paths :a :b keypath))]
     (compiled-transform (param-path :c) inc {:a {:b {:c 0, :d 1}}})
{:a {:b {:c 1, :d 1}}}
=> (let [range-path (comp-paths srange)]
     (compiled-select-one (range-path 1 4) (range 4)))
[1 2 3]

compiled-*

These functions operate in the same way as their uncompiled counterparts, but they require their path to be precompiled with comp-paths.

cond-path

(cond-path & conds)

Takes as arguments alternating cond-path1 path1 cond-path2 path2... Tests if selecting with cond-path on the current structure returns anything. If so, it navigates to the corresponding path. Otherwise, it tries the next cond-path. If nothing matches, then the structure is not selected.

The input paths may be parameterized, in which case the result of cond-path will be parameterized in the order of which the parameterized navigators were declared.

=> (select [ALL (cond-path (must :a) :a (must :b) :b)] [{:a 0} {:b 1} {:c 2}])
[0 1]
=> (select [cond-path (must :a) :a] {:b 1})
nil

continue-then-stay

(continue-then-stay & path)

Navigates to the provided path and then to the current element. This can be used to implement post-order traversal.

=> (select [(continue-then-stay MAP-VALS)] {:a 0 :b 1 :c 2})
(0 1 2 {:a 0, :b 1, :c 2})

continuous-subseqs

(continuous-subseqs pred)

Navigates to every continuous subsequence of elements matching pred.

=> (select [(continuous-subseqs #(< % 10))] [5 6 11 11 3 12 2 5])
([5 6] [3] [2 5])
=> (select [(continuous-subseqs #(< % 10))] [12 13])
()

filterer

(filterer & path)

Navigates to a view of the current sequence that only contains elements that match the given path. An element matches the selector path if calling select on that element with the path yields anything other than an empty sequence.

The input path may be parameterized, in which case the result of filterer will be parameterized in the order of which the parameterized selectors were declared. Note that filterer is a function which returns a navigator. It is the arguments to filterer that can be parametrized, not filterer.

;; Note that clojure functions have been extended to implement the navigator protocol
=> (select-one [(filterer even?)] (range 10))
[0 2 4 6 8]
=> (select-one [(filterer identity)] ['() [] #{} {} "" true false nil])
[() [] #{} {} "" true]
=> (let [pred-path (comp-paths (filterer pred))]
     (select-one (pred-path even?) (range 10)))
[0 2 4 6 8]
=> (let [pred-path (comp-paths filterer)]
     (select-one (pred-path even?) (range 10)))
ClassCastException com.rpl.specter.impl.CompiledPath cannot be cast to clojure.lang.IFn

if-path

(if-path cond-path then-path) (if-path cond-path then-path else-path)

Like cond-path, but with if semantics. If no else path is supplied and cond-path is not satisfied, stops navigation.

=> (select [(if-path (must :deep :nested :structure) :a)] {:a 0, :deep {:nested {:structure 1}}})
(0)
=> (select [(if-path (must :deep :nested :structure) :a :b)] {:a 0, :b 1})
(1)
=> (select [(if-path (must :deep :nested :structure) :a)] {:b 0, :deep {:nested {:structure 1}}})
()
;; is equivalent to
=> (select [(if-path (must :deep :nested :structure) :a STOP)] {:b 0, :deep {:nested {:structure 1}}})
()

keypath

(keypath key)

Navigates to the specified key, navigating to nil if it does not exist. Note that this is different from stopping navigation if the key does not exist.

=> (select-one [(keypath :a)] {:a 0})
0
;; Only one key allowed
=> (select-one [(keypath :a :b)] {:a {:b 1}})
{:b 1}
=> (select [ALL (keypath :a)] [{:a 0} {:b 1}])
[0 nil]